{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T11:58:22Z","timestamp":1773316702653,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rofo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Purpose\u2002To retrospectively evaluate outcomes of a combined interventional approach to stage 1 (cT1cN0cM0) renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) by transarterial embolization (TAE) followed by percutaneous CT-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients ineligible for surgery.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Materials and Methods\u200213 patients (9 male, 4 female, 69.6\u200a\u00b1\u200a16.6 y\/o) with 14 RCCs (largest diameter: 40.4\u200a\u00b1\u200a6.7\u200amm, cT1a: 4, cT1b: 10) were treated by RFA a median of one day after TAE in a single center. Indications for minimally invasive interventional therapy were bilateral RCCs (n\u200a=\u200a4), RCCs in a single kidney after nephrectomy (n\u200a=\u200a3), increased surgical risk due to comorbidities (n\u200a=\u200a4), and rejection of surgical therapy (n\u200a=\u200a2). Technical success, effectiveness, safety, ablative margin, cancer-specific survival, overall survival, and tumor characteristics were analyzed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2002All RCCs were successfully ablated after embolization with a minimum ablative margin of 1.2\u200amm. The median follow-up was 27 (1\u201383) months. There was no residual or recurrent tumor in the ablation zone. No patient developed metastasis. Two minor and two major complications occurred. Four patients with severe comorbidities died during follow-up due to causes unrelated to therapy. The 1-year and 5-year overall survival was 74.1\u200a% each. Cancer-specific survival was 100\u200a% after 1 and 5 years. There was no significant decline in mean eGFR directly after therapy (p\u200a=\u200a0.226). However, the mean eGFR declined from 62.2\u200a\u00b1\u200a22.0 to 50.0\u200a\u00b1\u200a27.8\u200aml\/min during follow-up (p\u200a&lt;\u200a0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2002The combination of TAE and RFA provides an effective minimally invasive therapy to stage 1 RCCs in patients ineligible for surgery. The outcomes compare favorably with data from surgery.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points:\u2002<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Citation Format\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1770-4724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T23:48:41Z","timestamp":1646956121000},"page":"1020-1025","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Combined Embolization and Radiofrequency Ablation in Stage 1 Renal Cell Carcinomas"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Joel","family":"Wessendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8874-7664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Marc","family":"K\u00f6nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Philipps University Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hendrik","family":"Heers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas H.","family":"Mahnken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2018","author":"N Howlader","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.04.100","article-title":"Renal Mass and Localized Renal Cancer: AUA Guideline","volume":"198","author":"S Campbell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"EAU Guidelines. 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