{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:34:17Z","timestamp":1740126857191,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its rapid spread has resulted in unexplored clinical ophthalmological manifestations. This report aims to describe a\n\t\t\t\t\tseries of retinal vascular anomalies diagnosed with the use of fluorescein angiography, following contraction of COVID-19.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          History and Signs Symptoms reported by patients were central scotoma (one case), inferior scotoma (one case), and a sensation of mild loss of vision during the COVID-19 follow-up\n\t\t\t\t\t(four cases). Best-corrected visual acuity was preserved in all patients, apart from one, who had a visual acuity of 0.4, decimal scale (6\/15, Snellen) in the left eye.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Therapy and Outcome Clinical manifestations included bilateral retinal vasculitis (two cases), branch retinal vein occlusion (one case), branch retinal artery occlusion (one case),\n\t\t\t\t\themi-central retinal vein occlusion (one case), and optic disc edema due to central retinal vein occlusion (one case) occurring 0\u200a\u2013\u200a8 months after COVID-19 contraction. Serological testing\n\t\t\t\t\twas performed in every patient to exclude any other recognized cause of retinal vascular occlusion and inflammation and to confirm immunity against the novel coronavirus. None of the\n\t\t\t\t\tpatients required any ocular treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions Arterial and venous occlusive as well as inflammatory retinal vascular pathologies can occur both during and after the acute phase of COVID-19 as manifestations of ocular\n\t\t\t\t\tlong-term effects of COVID-19 and should be included in the differential diagnosis of retinal occlusive pathologies. This case series suggests that careful investigations, including\n\t\t\t\t\tfundoscopy and fluorescein angiography, should be required in patients with visual complaints, both in the acute and long-term follow-up of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1771-5695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T22:36:36Z","timestamp":1651012596000},"page":"537-544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Six Cases of Retinal Vascular Anomalies after Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"239","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2441-545X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios N.","family":"Tsiropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9tinElys\u00e9e, Ophthalmology Center, Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Department of Health Sciences, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Gallo","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9tinElys\u00e9e, Ophthalmology Center, Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aude","family":"Ambresin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9tinElys\u00e9e, Ophthalmology Center, Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Visio Montchoisi, Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Lausanne (UNIL), Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.106054","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): a global pandemic and 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