{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T01:50:29Z","timestamp":1782697829824,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rofo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Background\u2002The tendons of the hand run in close proximity to each other and within retinacular tunnels adjacent to articular joints, while forming intersections in characteristic locations. The enclosing tendon sheaths are often sites of systemic or infectious inflammation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Method\u2002This review article outlines the different entities of tendon and tendon sheath pathology and their manifestation in the hands. Diagnostic findings in tendon and tendon sheath disorders are illustrated using MRI imaging and discussed in context with the current literature.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results and Conclusion\u2002Overuse may cause stenosis in the fibrous outer layer of the retinacula and the A1 annular ligaments as well as tendinosis. In contrast, proliferative tenosynovitis is a disease of the synovial inner layer of the tendon sheath with tendon infiltration and tendinitis. Pyogenic tenosynovitis favors the flexor compartments. Because of the narrow spaces in the hand, a high-resolution MRI technique must be used.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points:\u2002<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Citation Format\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1826-1007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T23:16:12Z","timestamp":1655334972000},"page":"1307-1321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Tendons and Tendon Sheaths of the Hand \u2013 An Update on MRI"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"194","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9571-6332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rainer","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Muenchen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Hesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Muenchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4524-1620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan-Peter","family":"Grunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2014.6.2.196","article-title":"The incidence of acute traumatic tendon injuries in the hand and wrist: a 10-year population-based study","volume":"6","author":"J P De Jong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"263","volume-title":"Musculo-Tendinous System","author":"H L Yu","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21030844","article-title":"Spectrum of Tendon Pathologies: Triggers Trails and End-State","volume":"21","author":"S Steinmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(87)80155-7","article-title":"Histology\u00a0and ultrastructure of the human flexor\u00a0tendon\u00a0sheath","volume":"12","author":"M J Cohen","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00124.x","article-title":"Histopathological findings in chronic tendon disorders","volume":"7","author":"M J\u00e4rvinen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0072-968X(72)80010-X","article-title":"The aetiology of trigger finger explained on the basis of intratendinous architecture","volume":"4","author":"J T Hueston","year":"1972","journal-title":"Hand"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199805000-00003","article-title":"Tendinitis and other chronic tendinopathies","volume":"6","author":"L C Almekinders","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.51B2.270","article-title":"Attrition ruptures of flexor tendons in rheumatoid arthritis caused by bony spurs in the carpal tunnel. 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