{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T10:29:28Z","timestamp":1784024968998,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this article is to explore minimally invasive techniques to treat a poorly functioning nasal valve. It reviews the literature to introduce anatomy and examination, detail efficacy, instruct procedural protocols, and summarize utility. The article was composed based upon literature review and expert opinion. Nasal obstruction is a frequent problem managed by the facial plastic surgeon. It can occur at multiple sites, but commonly problematic regions are the nasal valves. A comprehensive nasal exam can elucidate the source of obstruction and validated obstruction measurements, such as the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Instrument or the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey for Functional and Cosmetic Rhinoplasty, can classify severity. Cartilage grafting and open septorhinoplasty techniques are invaluable for correcting nasal valve obstruction; however, the traditional methods may be neither possible nor optimal for all patients. Minimally invasive treatment modalities have emerged to offer an alternative to classical treatment algorithms. Minimally invasive techniques aimed at improving the nasal valve function include nasal dilators, suture suspension, lateral nasal wall bioresorbable implants, and cartilaginous radio frequency remodeling. Benefits of these methods include clinic-based intervention, avoidance of general anesthesia, use in previously operated noses, and minimally invasive nature. Publications with ranging levels of evidence support the efficacy of these interventions when patients with isolated nasal valve obstruction are examined. Limitations in the data, such as study power, source of funding, duration of follow-up, and longevity of response, warrant the need for further investigation; however, the efficacy of these techniques justifies implementation in proper patient populations into current practice. Minimally invasive nasal valve correction is a valuable tool in the armamentarium of the facial plastic surgeon. It cannot and should not replace traditional septorhinoplasty; however, the techniques are a valuable consideration for the appropriate patient population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1849-5594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T23:05:09Z","timestamp":1652310309000},"page":"353-358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Minimally Invasive Nasal Valve Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Evan A.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunthosh","family":"Sivam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2016.12.010","article-title":"The external nasal valve","volume":"25","author":"G S Hamilton III","year":"2017","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2018.05.001","article-title":"Anatomy and physiology of nasal obstruction","volume":"51","author":"D W Hsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"442","volume-title":"The nasal septum","author":"R Kridel","year":"2021","edition":"7th ed."},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2018.05.009","article-title":"Surgical management of nasal valve collapse","volume":"51","author":"S Samra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2010.201","article-title":"Radiographic and anatomic characterization of the nasal septal swell body","volume":"136","author":"D J Costa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613211010093","article-title":"Nasal septal swell body: a distinctive structure in the nasal cavity","author":"X Meng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref7","first-page":"1069","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation of septal swell body","volume":"2","author":"P Catalano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Otolaryngol Rhinol."},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","first-page":"e66","article-title":"Validation of a grading system for lateral nasal wall insufficiency","volume":"4","author":"G J Tsao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergy Rhinol (Providence)"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2003.09.016","article-title":"Development and validation of the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale","volume":"130","author":"M G Stewart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2013.344","article-title":"Development of a severity classification system for subjective nasal obstruction","volume":"15","author":"M J Lipan","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2017.1083","article-title":"The 10-Item Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) for functional and cosmetic rhinoplasty","volume":"20","author":"S P Moubayed","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"00","key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of the distribution of standardized cosmesis and health nasal outcomes survey scores between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients","volume":"0","author":"P N Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.15e20.x","article-title":"Nasal airflow dynamics: mechanisms and responses associated with an external nasal dilator strip","volume":"15","author":"J P Kirkness","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino16.192","article-title":"Managing nasal valve compromise patients with nasal dilators: objective vs. subjective parameters","volume":"54","author":"G Lekakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1996.01890240050011","article-title":"Nasal valve suspension. 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