{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:41:20Z","timestamp":1790876480131,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a severe type of secondary glaucoma with devastating complications and generally poor visual prognosis. NVG is defined by the development of pathological\n          neovessels over the iris and the iridocorneal angle that can block the outflow of aqueous humor, causing elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). The pathogenesis of NVG is, in most cases,\n          associated with ischemia of the posterior segment, which is most frequently associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or central retinal vein occlusion. The advanced stages of NVG\n          are by iris and angle neovascularization, angle, and extremely high IOP, accompanied by ocular pain and poor vision. The therapeutic approach of NVG is based on the reduction of retinal\n          ischemia by panretinal photocoagulation. Intravitreal anti-VEGF administration can contribute to the regression of neovascularization, and topical and systemic medications may be necessary\n          for IOP control. However, if medical treatment with these agents is not enough, surgical procedures may be required to lower IOP and prevent glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Early and prompt\n          diagnosis, with identification of the underlying etiology, can improve IOP control and final visual outcome. The aim of this study is to review current knowledge of the pathogenesis and\n          management of NVG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1956-9348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]],"date-time":"2022-11-27T23:31:15Z","timestamp":1669591875000},"page":"305-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Neovascular Glaucoma: An Update"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"240","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6404-5409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Kalogeropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, University General Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Velota Ct.","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chrysavgi","family":"Pappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, University General Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Kalogeropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, University General Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"516","article-title":"Further cases of thrombosis of the central vein","volume":"16","author":"G Coats","year":"1906","journal-title":"Roy Lond Ophthal Hosp Rep"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Neovascular Glaucoma","author":"D M Albert","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"256","article-title":"Rubeosis iridis diabetica, eine bisher unbekannte diabetische Irisver\u00e4nderung","volume":"24","author":"R Salus","year":"1928","journal-title":"Med Klin"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1963.00960040310007","article-title":"Neovascular glaucoma complicating carotid-cavernous sinus fistula","volume":"69","author":"D I Weiss","year":"1963","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"397","article-title":"[Retrobulbar injection of chlorpromazine in the absolute glaucoma]","volume":"3","author":"C Fiore","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(01)00775-8","article-title":"Evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of neovascular glaucoma","volume":"108","author":"J A Sivak-Callcott","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1063","volume-title":"Neovascular Glaucoma","author":"M Wand","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"58","article-title":"[Neovascular glaucoma \u2013 retrospective study]","volume":"49","author":"C Mocanu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oftalmologia"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(83)34542-5","article-title":"Ocular neovascularization with retinal vascular occlusion. 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