{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T12:42:05Z","timestamp":1766580125988,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) syndrome is a rare but often challenging etiology\n      of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We report on a 60-year-old patient with liver cirrhosis, GAVE syndrome and recurrent and\n      refractory GAVE-related UGIB. During a 5-month hospital stay, the patient required a total of\n      82 packed red blood cells (pRBCs) and 23 gastroscopies. All endoscopic approaches, including\n      multiple argon plasma coagulation and band ligation sessions, remained unsuccessful.\n      Antrectomy was waived because of the high perioperative mortality risk in Child-Pugh B liver\n      cirrhosis. TIPS insertion also failed to control the bleeding. Only continuous intravenous\n      octreotide infusion slowed the bleeding, but this forced the patient to be hospitalized. After\n      144 inpatient days, administration of subcutaneous octreotide allowed the patient to be\n      discharged. However, the patient continued to require two pRBCs every 2\u20133 weeks. Based on\n      recently published data, we treated the patient with bevacizumab (anti-VEGF antibody)\n      off-label at a dose of 7.5 mg\/kg body weight every three weeks in nine single doses over six\n      months. Since the first administration, the patient has remained transfusion-free, has not\n      required hospitalization, and leads an active life, working full-time. He remains on\n      octreotide, which has been reduced but not yet discontinued. Additionally, no adverse events\n      were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Thus, in patients with liver cirrhosis and refractory GAVE-related hemorrhage, bevacizumab\n      combined with subcutaneous octreotide should be considered as an effective and durable\n      pharmacological treatment option.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1959-2660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T19:27:09Z","timestamp":1668540429000},"page":"275-279","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Bevacizumab in combination with octreotide rescues a patient with liver cirrhosis, GAVE syndrome and refractory hemorrhage \u2013 a case report"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3240-5152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon Johannes","family":"Gairing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva Maria","family":"Schleicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8390-9663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Labenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Darstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Grimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Visvakanth","family":"Sivanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arndt","family":"Weinmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus-Alexander","family":"W\u00f6rns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hematology, Oncology and Endocrinology, Hospital Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Kloeckner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Pitton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Thieringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khan Fareed","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter Robert","family":"Galle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4224-4703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f6rn M.","family":"Schattenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3234-8891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Friedrich","family":"Foerster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-814112","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment outcomes in watermelon stomach patients with and without\n          portal hypertension","volume":"36","author":"GS 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