{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T05:37:22Z","timestamp":1736573842358,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01\/02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Hintergrund Es existiert keine aktuelle internationale Vergleichsstudie\n                    von Drogenkonsumenten und Suchtexperten zur Einsch\u00e4tzung des\n                    Risiko\/Nutzen-Profils legaler und illegaler psychotroper Substanzen und\n                    zudem keine auch \u00e4ltere Studie dazu aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methodik Erg\u00e4nzend zu den bereits ver\u00f6ffentlichten Daten\n                    101 deutscher Suchtexperten (in diesem Journal publiziert, [1]) wurden analog\n                    100 substanzabh\u00e4ngige Drogenkonsumenten w\u00e4hrend ihrer\n                    station\u00e4ren Entzugsbehandlung (Akutkrankenhaus) oder\n                    Entw\u00f6hnungsbehandlung (Rehabilitationskrankenhaus) per strukturiertem\n                    Fragebogen zu ihrer Einsch\u00e4tzung des Schadens- und Nutzenpotentials von\n                    34 legalen und illegalen psychotroper Substanzen interviewt.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Ergebnisse In \u00dcbereinstimmung bewerteten Konsumenten und Experten,\n                    dass die traditionellen illegalen Drogen Heroin, Crack\/Kokain und\n                    Methamphetamin das gr\u00f6\u00dfte Sch\u00e4dlichkeitspotential\n                    besitzen. Synthetische Cannabinoide, Alkohol und Benzodiazepine befanden sich im\n                    oberen Mittelfeld, Cannabis und psychotrope Pilze im unteren Mittelfeld und\n                    Gabapentinoide am Ende der Gef\u00e4hrdungsrangordnung beider Gruppen.\n                    Methadon und Benzodiazepine wurden von Konsumenten signifikant\n                    gef\u00e4hrlicher eingestuft. Hinsichtlich des Substanznutzens bewerteten\n                    Konsumenten traditionelle illegale Drogen einschlie\u00dflich Cannabis und\n                    psychotrope Pilze ebenso wie Nikotin als signifikant n\u00fctzlicher als die\n                    Experten. Im Gegensatz zu den Experten bewerteten die Konsumenten keine Substanz\n                    als extrem gef\u00e4hrlich bei gleichzeitig geringer N\u00fctzlichkeit.\n                    Erfahrungen mit Opioid-Analgetika konnten nur von wenigen Konsumenten berichtet\n                    werden, wurden aber bez\u00fcglich ihres Risiko\/Nutzen-Profils\n                    \u00e4hnlich den Expertenurteilen eingeordnet. Durch Legalisierung von\n                    Cannabis erwarten weder Konsumenten noch Experten eine \u00c4nderung des\n                    Gef\u00e4hrdungspotentials. In beiden Gruppen existierten spezifische\n                    kognitive Bewertungsverzerrungen.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Fazit Die vorliegende Studie zeigt erste Informationen aus dem\n                    deutschsprachigen Raum zur Risiko\/Nutzen-Bewertung psychotroper\n                    Substanzen aus der Perspektive von Suchtexperten und Konsumenten. Diese\n                    k\u00f6nnen als Beitrag f\u00fcr die Psychoedukationsarbeit in der\n                    Behandlung von Substanzabh\u00e4ngigen aber auch f\u00fcr aktuelle\n                    gesundheitspolitischen Debatten zur legalen Verf\u00fcgbarkeit von Drogen zum\n                    Freizeitgebrauch hilfreich sein.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1971-9558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T02:34:30Z","timestamp":1671158070000},"page":"19-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vergleichende Risiko\/Nutzen-Analyse verschiedener\n                    psychotroper Substanzen aus der Perspektive deutscher Drogenkonsumenten und\n                    Suchtmediziner \u2013 Ein Beitrag f\u00fcr die Psychoedukationsarbeit mit\n                    Abh\u00e4ngigkeitserkrankten und\n                    Restriktions-\/Legalisierungsdebatten"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Ann-Kristin","family":"Kanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin, Evangelisches Krankenhaus\n                    Castrop-Rauxel, (Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universit\u00e4t\n                    Duisburg-Essen), Castrop-Rauxel, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Specka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVR-Klinikum Essen, Klinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie,\n                    Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen, Essen,\n                    Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Scherbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVR-Klinikum Essen, Klinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie,\n                    Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen, Essen,\n                    Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Bonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LVR-Klinikum Essen, Klinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie,\n                    Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen, Essen,\n                    Deutschland"},{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik,\n                    Evangelisches Krankenhaus Castrop-Rauxel, (Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der\n                    Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen), Castrop-Rauxel, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1363-0223","article-title":"Abw\u00e4gung von Nutzen und Sch\u00e4dlichkeit von berauschenden und\n                    schmerzlindernden Substanzen aus der Perspektive von deutschen Suchtmedizinern\n                    [Weighing the benefits and harms of psychotropic and analgesic substances\n                    \u2013 A perspective of German addiction medicine experts]","volume":"90","author":"U Bonnet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592199","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.592199","article-title":"Ranking the Harm of Psychoactive Drugs Including Prescription Analgesics to\n                    Users and Others-A Perspective of German Addiction Medicine Experts","volume":"11","author":"U Bonnet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61462-6","article-title":"Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs. 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