{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T10:47:12Z","timestamp":1764154032782,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Padiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background Infections are a major concern for immunocompromised children.\n                    We investigated whether non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) implemented in\n                    the general population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic\n                    in Germany had an impact on frequency, type and severity of infections in these\n                    patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Patients and methods We analyzed all admissions to the clinic of pediatric\n                    hematology, oncology and stem cell transplantation (SCT) with (suspected)\n                    infection or fever of unknown origin (FUO) from 2018 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results We compared a 27-month period before NPIs (Pre-COVID:\n                    01\/2018\u201303\/2020; 1041 cases) with a 12-month period with\n                    underlying NPIs (COVID: 04\/2020\u201303\/2021; 420 cases).\n                    During the COVID period the number of in-patient stays with FUO or infections\n                    decreased (38,6 cases\/month vs. 35,0 cases\/month), the median\n                    duration of hospital stays was longer (8 d (CI95: 7\u20138 d) vs. 9 d (CI95:\n                    8\u201310 d) P=0,02)), the mean number of antibiotics per case\n                    increased (2,1 (CI95: 2,0\u20132,2) vs. 2,5 (CI95: 2,3\u20132,7);\n                    P=0,003)) and a substantial reduction of viral respiratory and\n                    gastrointestinal infections per case was seen (0,24 vs. 0,13; P&lt;0,001).\n                    Notably, there was no detection of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and\n                    norovirus, between May 2020 and March 2021. Based on need of intensive care\n                    measures and further parameters we conclude that severe (bacterial) infections\n                    were not significantly reduced by NPIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions Introduction of NPIs in the general population during the\n                    COVID-pandemic substantially reduced viral respiratory and gastrointestinal\n                    infections in immunocompromised patients, while severe (bacterial) infections\n                    were not prevented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2000-5388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T19:08:38Z","timestamp":1677524918000},"page":"159-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of COVID-19 Related Restrictions on Infections in Children\n                with Cancer or after Hematopoietic SCT"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"235","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1282-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Hauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical\n                    Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Hamburg,\n                    Germany"},{"name":"Research Institute Children\u2019s Cancer Center, Department of\n                    Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf,\n                    Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malena","family":"Hinrichs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical\n                    Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Hamburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Ruhwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical controlling, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf,\n                    Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Schrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Division of Pediatric\n                    Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Medical Center\n                    Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Hamburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Rutkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical\n                    Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Hamburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilhelm","family":"Woessmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical\n                    Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Hamburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical\n                    Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Hamburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2009.03.010","article-title":"Infections in pediatric patients with hematologic 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J"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2020044735","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-044735","article-title":"Inpatient Use and Outcomes at Children\u2019s Hospitals During the Early\n                    COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"147","author":"J L Markham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e313","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0000000000003195","article-title":"The Indirect Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Invasive Group a\n                    Streptococcus, Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Staphylococcus Aureus Infections in\n                    Houston Area Children","volume":"40","author":"J C McNeil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3432","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18073432","article-title":"Mental Health of Children and Adolescents Amidst COVID-19 and Past Pandemics: A\n                    Rapid Systematic Review","volume":"18","author":"S Meherali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100112","article-title":"Trends in respiratory virus circulation following COVID-19-targeted\n                    nonpharmaceutical interventions in Germany, January \u2013 September 2020:\n                    Analysis of national surveillance data","volume":"6","author":"D Y Oh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1086\/383048","article-title":"Changes in the etiology of bacteremia in febrile neutropenic patients and the\n                    susceptibilities of the currently isolated pathogens","volume":"39","author":"R. Ramphal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-020-00721-1","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on the Management of Patients with Cancer","volume":"15","author":"E Raymond","year":"2020","journal-title":"Target Oncol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2021.104795","article-title":"Significant impact of nationwide SARS-CoV-2 lockdown measures on the circulation\n                    of other respiratory virus infections in Austria","volume":"137","author":"M Redlberger-Fritz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4235","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33075","article-title":"Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on pediatric oncology\n                    care in the Middle East, North Africa, and West Asia region: A report from the\n                    Pediatric Oncology East and Mediterranean (POEM) group","volume":"126","author":"R Saab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25701","article-title":"Psychosocial Interventions and Therapeutic Support as a Standard of Care in\n                    Pediatric Oncology","volume":"62","author":"A C Steele","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935483","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.935483","article-title":"Viral infections in hospitalized children in Germany during the COVID-19\n                    pandemic: Association with non-pharmaceutical interventions","volume":"10","author":"N Terliesner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit290","article-title":"Infection prevention in the cancer center","volume":"57","author":"K A Thom","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2021.100103","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated non-pharmaceutical interventions\n                    on other notifiable infectious diseases in Germany: An analysis of national\n                    surveillance data during week 1\u20132016 \u2013 week 32\u20132020","volume":"6","author":"A Ulrich","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet Regional Health - Europe"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/08880018.2019.1613462","article-title":"A prospective study on the epidemiology and clinical significance of viral\n                    respiratory infections among pediatric oncology patients","volume":"36","author":"C Vliora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2020005983","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-005983","article-title":"Pediatric Hospitalizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"146","author":"J L Wilder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.21037\/tp-20-465","article-title":"Changes in pediatric healthcare utilization in Hunan Province, China, during the\n                    COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-center cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"H Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28424","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28424","article-title":"Prevention of COVID-19 infection in a pediatric oncology ward in Wuhan","volume":"67","author":"A Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"}],"container-title":["Klinische P\u00e4diatrie"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2000-5388.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T10:14:26Z","timestamp":1764152066000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2000-5388"}},"subtitle":["A Monocentric, Retrospective\n                    Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2000-5388","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8630","1439-3824"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0300-8630"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1439-3824"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]}}}