{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T17:10:16Z","timestamp":1789146616503,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background Propolis has become one of the most preferred supplements due\n                    to its beneficial biological properties. Organic (water and vegetable oils) and\n                    chemical (ethyl alcohol, propylene glycol, and glycerol) solvents are used for\n                    propolis extraction. However, the effects of these chemicals on health should be\n                    taken into account.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives In this study, the effects of propolis extracts on health were\n                    evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods 32 pregnant Wistar albino rats and 64 neonatal\/young\n                    adults were given three different extractions of propolis (propylene glycol,\n                    water, and olive oil). Histopathological analyses were performed on the liver\n                    and brain, and blood samples were taken from the hearts of rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results Histopathological scoring showed that the intensity of pycnotic\n                    hepatocyte, sinusoidal dilatation, and bleeding was high in liver samples of\n                    pregnant and baby rats given propylene glycol extract of propolis\n                    (p&lt;0.05). Propylene glycol extract caused dilatation of blood vessels\n                    and apoptosis of neurons in brain tissue. The histopathological score was\n                    significantly lower in liver and brain tissues of rats treated with water and\n                    olive oil extract compared to propylene propolis groups (p&lt;0.05). Liver\n                    enzyme levels in the blood increased in propylene propolis rats\n                    (p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion Histopathological changes and biochemical alterations may\n                    indicate that propylene glycol extracts of propolis are more toxic than olive\n                    oil and water extracts. Therefore, olive oil and water extracts of propolis are\n                    more reliable than propylene glycol extract in pregnant and infant rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2010-4009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T18:54:25Z","timestamp":1678301665000},"page":"261-268","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Toxicity of Propylene Glycol Extract of Propolis on Central Nervous\n                    System and Liver in Pregnant and Neonatal Rats"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"227","author":[{"given":"Sibel","family":"Silici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Erciyes\n                    University, Erciyes Technopark, Nutral Therapy Co., Kayseri,\n                    Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asl\u0131","family":"Okan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat\n                    Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bet\u00fcl","family":"K\u00f6kl\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag,\n                    Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sevim","family":"Demiray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Erciyes University, Kayseri,\n                    Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z\u00fcleyha","family":"Do\u011fanyi\u011fit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat\n                    Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.3109\/13693780802572554","article-title":"Antifungal activity of Turkish honey against Candida spp. and Trichosporon spp:\n                    an in vitro evaluation","volume":"47","author":"A N Koc","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1159\/000087943","article-title":"Effect of propolis in the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus\n                    keratitis in rabbits","volume":"37","author":"H Oksuz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1080\/00218839.2020.1753916","article-title":"Antioxidant, antiradical and antipyretic effects of olive oil extract of\n                    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