{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:49:40Z","timestamp":1773758980904,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction\u2003This study aimed to investigate selective muscle involvement by shear wave elastography (SWE) in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) types 2 and 3 and to compare SWE values with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in demonstrating muscle involvement.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003Seventeen patients with SMA types 2 and3 were included in the study. SWE was used to evaluate stiffness of the upper and lower extremities and paraspinal muscles. Involvement of the paraspinal muscles was evaluated using 1.5-T MRI.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Among the upper extremity muscles, SWE values were the highest for the triceps brachii; however, no significant difference was noted (p\u2009=\u20090.23). In post hoc analysis, a significant difference was observed between triceps brachii and biceps brachii (p\u2009=\u20090.003). Patients with a longer disease duration have the highest SWE values for the triceps brachii (r\u2009=\u20090.67, p\u2009=\u20090.003). Among the lower extremity muscles, SWE values for the iliopsoas were significantly higher than the gluteus maximus (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A positive correlation was found between SWE values and MRI scores of paraspinal muscles (r\u2009=\u20090.49, p\u2009=\u20090.045; r\u2009=\u20090.67, p\u2009=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003This is the first study to report muscle involvement assessed by SWE in patients with SMA types 2 and 3. Our findings are similar to the presence of selective muscle involvement demonstrated in previous studies, and also SWE and MRI values were similar. SWE is an alternative noninvasive practical method that can be used to demonstrate muscle involvement in patients with SMA, to understand the pathogenesis of segmental involvement, and to guide future treatments or to monitor the effectiveness of existing new treatment options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2021-0403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:01:06Z","timestamp":1674864066000},"page":"273-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Shear Wave Elastography in Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Types 2 and 3"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Bur\u00e7in Nazl\u0131","family":"Karacabey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuhal","family":"Bayramo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Co\u015fkun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeynep Nur Akyol","family":"Sar\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melis Ulak","family":"\u00d6zkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Health, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edibe Pembeg\u00fcl","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Institute of Child Health, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nur","family":"Ayd\u0131nl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mine","family":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Health, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(99)00016-4","article-title":"59th ENMC International Workshop: Spinal Muscular Atrophies: recent progress and revised diagnostic criteria 17-19 April 1998, Soestduinen, The Netherlands","volume":"9","author":"K Zerres","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/JND-190424","article-title":"Advances in treatment of spinal muscular atrophy - 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