{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T04:21:37Z","timestamp":1682742097803},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background and study aims\u2002This study was designed to provide a profound analysis of fatalities associated with endoscopic procedures.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2002Protocols of all autopsies performed within 20 years in a large Department of Forensic Medicine were retrospectively analyzed to identify all fatalities directly related to an endoscopic procedure. Data were further specified focusing on the type of endoscopy and the final cause of death.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2002Of 22,615 autopsies performed between January 2000 and September 2019, 86 deaths were identified as complications of an endoscopic procedure. The average age of these 86 patients was 70.9 years (66.4 (range, 26\u201389) in males (n\u200a=\u200a35) and 74.1 years (range, 22\u201394) in females (n\u200a=\u200a51)). Endoscopic procedures included 29 endoscopic retrograde cholangeopancreatographies (ERCPs), 27 colonoscopies, 18 percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placements, six gastroscopies, two upper endosopic ultrasonographies, and four transesophageal echocardiographies. ERCPs, colonoscopy and PEG procedures together accounted for 74 of 86 (86\u200a%) endoscopy-related deaths. Focusing on the single procedures, post-ERCP pancreatitis (14\/29, 48\u200a%), colonoscopy-associated perforation (24\/27, 89\u200a%), and peritonitis after PEG placement (16\/18, 88\u200a%) were the most common causes of death.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2002Even in the thought-to-be-safe and screening endoscopic procedures fatalities do occur. This study gives an overview of endoscopy-related fatalities, stressing the role of ERCP, colonoscopy, and PEG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2057-4174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,18]],"date-time":"2023-03-18T00:07:01Z","timestamp":1679098021000},"page":"E435-E439","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fatal outcomes of endoscopy: an analysis from the coroner\u02bcs point of view"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Julian J.","family":"Lock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asklepios Klinik Altona, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"P\u00fcschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Interventional endoscopy--opportunities and limitations","volume":"113","author":"J Mayerle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Deutsches Arzteblatt Int"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-021-06981-9","article-title":"Adverse event fatalities related to GI endoscopy","volume":"67","author":"E Swei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Digest Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01279.x","article-title":"Incidence rates of post-ERCP complications: A systematic survey of prospective studies","volume":"102","author":"A Andriulli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J 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Rabeneck","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2020.1792541","article-title":"Colonoscopy adverse events: Are we getting the full picture?","volume":"55","author":"L Pedersen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.07.066","article-title":"Colonoscopy-related mortality in a fecal immunochemical test-based colorectal cancer screening program","volume":"19","author":"A I Kooyker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/SGA.0000000000000150","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: A practical overview on its indications, placement conditions, management, and nursing care","volume":"38","author":"A B Friginal-Ruiz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Nursing"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2016.10.002","article-title":"Complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy","volume":"30","author":"T Hucl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"312","article-title":"Buried bumper syndrome: low incidence and safe endoscopic management","volume":"74","author":"A Z El","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Gastro-enterologica Belgica"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(01)00589-X","article-title":"Complications of endoscopy","volume":"181","author":"S M Kavic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Surgery"}],"container-title":["Endoscopy International 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