{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T01:48:36Z","timestamp":1788400116719,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Padiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective Neurologic problems are frequently described in infants with\n                    nutritional vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency.Major neurologic consequences of\n                    infantile cobalamin deficiency include delays or regression in neurodevelopment\n                    and the occurrence of involuntary movements<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods We reviewed the medical records of infants with cobalamin\n                    deficiency and divided infants with involuntary movements into two groups as\n                    those, who developed involuntary movements during vitamin B12 supplementation\n                    (Group I) and those, who developed involuntary movements prior to\n                    supplementation therapy (Group II).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results We evaluated a total of 32 infants with the diagnosis of cobalamin\n                    deficiency. Involuntary movements were observed in 12 out of 32 infants. Group I\n                    and Group II consisted of 6 infants each. Of the infants with involuntary\n                    movements, five were exclusively breastfed until the time of diagnosis. The\n                    majority of infants in Group II had choreoathetoid movements; twitching and\n                    myoclonus in the face, tongue, and lips, and tremor in the upper extremities.\n                    These involuntary movements disappeared in one to three weeks after clonazepam\n                    therapy. In Group I; shaking movements, myoclonus, tremor, and twitching or\n                    protrusion were observed in patients\u2019 hands, feet, tongue, and lips on\n                    the 3rd-5th day of cobalamin supplementation. These involuntary movements\n                    disappeared within 5\u201312 days of clonazepam therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion Recognition of nutritional cobalamin deficiency is important to\n                    perform a differential diagnosis of the condition from seizures or other causes\n                    of involuntary movements and avoid aggressive therapy and over treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2085-8461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T23:02:52Z","timestamp":1687993372000},"page":"223-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Involuntary Movements in Cobalamin Deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Hamit","family":"\u00d6zy\u00fcrek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hulya","family":"Ince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, VM Medical Park Samsun Hospital, Samsun,\n                    Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haydar Ali","family":"Tasdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine,\n                    Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omer Faruk","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine,\n                    Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132814Y.0000000396","article-title":"Involuntary movements due to vitamin B12 deficiency","volume":"36","author":"A De Souza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14733","article-title":"Cerebral atrophy in 21 hypotonic infants with severe vitamin B12 deficiency","volume":"56","author":"C Ac\u0131payam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmx062","article-title":"Case series of infantile tremor syndrome in tertiary care paediatric centre from\n                    Southern India","volume":"64","author":"V K Gowda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109796","article-title":"A variety of abnormal movements in 13 cases with nutrional cobalamin deficiency\n                    in infants","volume":"142","author":"A Yaramis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-017-2598-4","article-title":"Association between maternal and infantile markers of cobalamin status during\n                    the first month post-delivery","volume":"85","author":"S Coban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.12.026","article-title":"Infantile tremor syndrome: response to B12 therapy","volume":"196","author":"I K Sharawat","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"295","article-title":"Reversible chores and focal dystonia in vitamin B12 deficiency. 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