{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T03:05:32Z","timestamp":1771470332063,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Life-threatening basilar artery dissection (BAD) can be seen following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but it is not clear whether SAH causes dissection, or not. This study aims to investigate the relationship between degenerative changes in the superior cervical ganglia and the dissection rate of the basilar artery.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Method\u2003In this study, after 3 weeks of experimental SAH, animals were decapitated. Eighteen rabbits were divided into three groups according to their vasospasm indices. The basilar arteries were examined by anatomical and histopathologic methods.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Basilar dissection with high vasospasm index (VSI) value (VSI\u2009&gt;\u20093) was detected in six animals (group I); severe basilar edema and moderate VSI value (&gt;2.4) were detected in seven rabbits (group II); and slight VSI value (&lt;1.5) was detected in five subjects (group III). The degenerated neuron densities of the superior cervical ganglia were 12\u2009\u00b1\u20094 n\/mm3 in group I, 41\u2009\u00b1\u20098 n\/mm3 in group II, and 276\u2009\u00b1\u200978 n\/mm3 in group III. The dissected surface values\/lumen values were calculated as (42\u2009\u00b1\u20091)\/(64\u2009\u00b1\u200911) in G-I, (21\u2009\u00b1\u20096)\/(89\u2009\u00b1\u200917) in group II, and (3\u2009\u00b1\u20091)\/(102\u2009\u00b1\u200924) in group III. If we look at these ratios as a percentage, it was 62% in group I, 23% in group II, and 5% in group III.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Inverse relationship between the degenerated neuron densities of the superior cervical ganglia and the dissected surface values of the basilar artery was observed. Common knowledge is that BAD may lead to SAH; however, this study indicates that SAH is the cause of BAD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2104-1520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T23:02:37Z","timestamp":1685660557000},"page":"056-064","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Enigma of Basilar Artery Dissections Secondary to Vasospasm Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Exploration of the Unknown Effect of Superior Cervical Ganglia: A Preliminary Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7398-443X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mete","family":"Zeynal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Hakan","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8189-2877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayhan","family":"Kanat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9123-0597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Kursat","family":"Karadag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sare","family":"Sipal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saban","family":"Ergene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Dumlu","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","first-page":"877","article-title":"some interesting points of competition of X-ray using during the Greco-Ottoman War in 1897 and development of neurosurgical radiology: a reminiscence","volume":"32","author":"A Kanat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.05.063","article-title":"Protective felix culpa effect of superior sympathetic cervical ganglion degenerations on prevention of basilar artery spasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a preliminary experimental study","volume":"164","author":"B Sahin","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.01.144","article-title":"Paradoxic relations between basilar artery reconfiguration and superior cervical ganglia ischemia after bilateral common carotid artery ligation","volume":"125","author":"M Kilic","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","first-page":"E627","article-title":"Functional pathway between cervical spinal and sympathetic ganglia: a neurochemical foundation between neck pain and vertigo","volume":"22","author":"X Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005763","article-title":"The effect of neuroscientists on the studies of autonomic nervous system dysfunction following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"30","author":"B Ozdemir","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"New experimental finding of dangerous autonomic ganglia changes in cardiac injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage; a reciprocal culprit-victim relationship between the brain and heart","author":"M D Aydin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.18.2.227","article-title":"asilar artery dissection in myotonic dystrophy type 1","volume":"18","author":"C-H Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref8","first-page":"434","article-title":"Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage induced intractable miotic pupil. 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