{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T12:08:29Z","timestamp":1793621309176,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacopsychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background Quick symptomatic remission after the onset of psychotic\n                    symptoms is critical in schizophrenia treatment, determining the subsequent\n                    disease course and recovery. In this context, only every second patient with\n                    acute schizophrenia achieves symptomatic remission within three months of\n                    initiating antipsychotic treatment. The potential indication extension of\n                    clozapine\u2014the most effective antipsychotic\u2014to be introduced at\n                    an earlier stage (before treatment-resistance) is supported by several lines of\n                    evidence, but respective clinical trials are lacking.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods Two hundred-twenty patients with acute non-treatment-resistant\n                    schizophrenia will be randomized in this double-blind, 8-week parallel-group\n                    multicentric trial to either clozapine or olanzapine. The primary endpoint is\n                    the number of patients in symptomatic remission at the end of week 8 according\n                    to international consensus criteria (\u2018Andreasen criteria\u2019).\n                    Secondary endpoints and other assessments comprise a comprehensive safety\n                    assessment (i.\u2009e., myocarditis screening), changes in psychopathology,\n                    global functioning, cognition, affective symptoms and quality of life, and\n                    patients\u2019 and relatives\u2019 views on treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Discussion This multicentre trial aims to examine whether clozapine is\n                    more effective than a highly effective second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs),\n                    olanzapine, in acute schizophrenia patients who do not meet the criteria for\n                    treatment-na\u00efve or treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Increasing the\n                    likelihood to achieve symptomatic remission in acute schizophrenia can improve\n                    the overall outcome, reduce disease-associated burden and potentially prevent\n                    mid- and long-term disease chronicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2110-4259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T22:46:09Z","timestamp":1690584369000},"page":"169-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effects of Early Clozapine Treatment on Remission Rates in Acute\n                    Schizophrenia (The EARLY Trial): Protocol of a Randomized-Controlled\n                    Multicentric Trial"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"56","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"2018-001514-15","registry":"10.18810\/euctr"}],"author":[{"given":"Elias","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital,\n                    LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Strube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical\n                    Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"G\u00f6rlitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical\n                    Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aslihan","family":"Aksar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical\n                    Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical\n                    Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital,\n                    LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Moussiopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital,\n                    LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Hapfelmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, School of Medicine,\n                    Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, School of\n                    Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00fcnchner Studienzentrum, Technical University of Munich, School\n                    of Medicine, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Egert-Schwender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00fcnchner Studienzentrum, Technical University of Munich, School\n                    of Medicine, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy,\n                    University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Eckstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of\n                    T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Nenadi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University\n                    Marburg, Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tilo","family":"Kircher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University\n                    Marburg, Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthold","family":"Langguth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg,\n                    Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Meisenzahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Klinikum\n                    D\u00fcsseldorf, Kliniken der Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t\n                    D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Psychosocial\n                    Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid","family":"Neff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 1 und 2,\n                    Rheinhessen-Fachklinik Alzey, Academic Hospital of the University of Mainz,\n                    Alzey, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berend","family":"Malchow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center\n                    G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Falkai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital,\n                    LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dusan","family":"Hirjak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental\n                    Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent-Tjorben","family":"B\u00f6ttcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental\n                    Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Meyer-Lindenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental\n                    Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Blankenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00fcnchner Studienzentrum, Technical University of Munich, School\n                    of Medicine, Munich, 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