{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T15:00:17Z","timestamp":1740150017591,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Academy of Audiology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["j am acad audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\u2003This study evaluated the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the cochlea and auditory efferent system with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and contralateral suppression (CS). <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2003We aimed\n to evaluate the pre- and post-COVID-19 TEOAE and CS results in the same participants to reveal the effect of COVID-19 on the efferent auditory system. <jats:bold>Study Design<\/jats:bold>\u2003The CS measurement was performed twice for each participant before a diagnosis of COVID-19 and after treatment\n for COVID-19 as a within-subjects study design. All participants exhibited hearing thresholds below 25 dB HL at all frequencies and all participants demonstrated bilateral Type A tympanograms. The tests were performed in the linear mode using a double probe on the Otodynamics ILO292-II device.\n The CS of the otoacoustic emissions was measured at 65\u2009dB peSPL TEOAE stimulus and 65\u2009dB SPL broadband noise. All parameters including reproducibility, noise, and stability were considered during the measurements. <jats:bold>Study Samples<\/jats:bold>\u2003The study included 11 patients (eight\n females and three males) aged between 20 and 35 years (mean age, 26\u2009\u00b1\u20093.66). <jats:bold>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:bold>\u2003Wilcoxon signed rank test and Spearman's correlation test were used for statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences\n version 23.0. <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2003The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that there was no significant difference between the pre-and post-COVID-19 TEOAE CS results in all tested frequencies and measurement parameters, 1000 to 4000\u2009Hz, <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.356, \u22120.089,\n \u22120.533, \u22120.533, \u22121.156, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05. Although not statistically significant, the CS results obtained post-COVID-19 at all frequencies, except 4000\u2009Hz, were lower than those before COVID-19. According to the overall TEOAE results after COVID-19,\n a statistically significant decrease was observed at 3000\u2009Hz (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22122.847, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and 4000\u2009Hz (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22122.401, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) compared with the premeasurement. <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\u2003The\n study findings show that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can affect the cochlea and the auditory efferent system in adults. Post-COVID-19 audiological evaluation can also be considered part of a general medical examination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2111-5540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T23:18:41Z","timestamp":1686957521000},"page":"121-126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effect of COVID-19 on the Efferent Auditory System in Adults"],"prefix":"10.3766","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Bahtiyar","family":"\u00c7elikg\u00fcn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yenisahra Mahallesi, Kad\u0131koy, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Sarl\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Audiology, Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Yurdakul \u00c7\u0131nar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Audiology, Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2087","reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06319-7","article-title":"Otolaryngological symptoms in COVID-19","volume":"278","author":"E Elibol","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref3","first-page":"e8918","article-title":"A case of COVID-19-induced vestibular neuritis","volume":"12","author":"S V Malayala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres12030032","article-title":"Sensorineural hearing loss post-COVID-19 infection: an update","volume":"12","author":"V Fancello","year":"2022","journal-title":"Audiology Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2021.63","article-title":"Hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Z Jafari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160S","DOI":"10.1177\/0145561320974849","article-title":"COVID-19 and tinnitus","volume":"100","author":"P Chirakkal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e238419","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-238419","article-title":"Sudden irreversible hearing loss post COVID-19","volume":"13","author":"F S Koumpa","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215120002145","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 and sudden sensorineural hearing loss","volume":"134","author":"B Lang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xocr.2020.100198","article-title":"COVID -19 and sudden sensorineural hearing loss, a case report","volume":"16","author":"S Abdel Rhman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Case Rep"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N0820","article-title":"Vertigo and hearing loss during the COVID-19 pandemic - 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