{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T05:27:30Z","timestamp":1730870850567,"version":"3.28.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gesundheitswesen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Zielsetzung der Studie Zielsetzung dieser Langzeituntersuchung war die\n                    Erfassung substanzspezifischer Pr\u00e4valenzen widerrechtlichen Konsums von\n                    Bet\u00e4ubungsmittel (BTM) trotz gerichtlicher Abstinenzauflagen.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methodik Auf der Grundlage der Amtshilfe f\u00fcr die\n                    Bew\u00e4hrungshilfe eines Landgerichtes wurden durch ein Gesundheitsamt\n                    Urinasservate gewonnen. Die individuelle und valide Zuordnung dieser Urinproben\n                    wurde durch Anwendung eines bew\u00e4hrten Marker-Systems\n                    gew\u00e4hrleistet. Nach postalischem Versand erfolgten in einem externen\n                    Labor die laborchemischen Analysen auf BTM-R\u00fcckst\u00e4nde mittels\n                    Enzymimmunoassay und Validierung durch Massenspektrographie im Falle positiver\n                    BTM-Nachweise. Auf der Basis aller vorliegenden Routinedaten konnte ein\n                    gepoolter Datensatz \u00fcber insgesamt vierzehn konsekutiver Kalenderjahre\n                    (2006\u20132019) digital generiert und anonymisiert ausgewertet werden.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Ergebnisse Von insgesamt 380 Betroffenen (weiblich: 13% versus\n                    m\u00e4nnlich: 87%; Durchschnittsalter: 30,4 Jahre) lagen 13.500\n                    BTM-Einzelanalysen aus 2.941 Urinproben vor. Dabei waren in 2,7% aller\n                    Einzelanalysen mindestens eines von acht potentiellen BTMs nachzuweisen, wobei\n                    sich f\u00fcr Cannabis mit 3,7% und f\u00fcr Opiate mit\n                    2,4% die weitaus h\u00f6chsten Gesamtpr\u00e4valenzen im Sinne\n                    eines R\u00fcckfalles feststellen lie\u00dfen. Hingegen waren fast keine\n                    R\u00fcckst\u00e4nde f\u00fcr Barbiturate und LSD beziehungsweise\n                    keinerlei positive Nachweise f\u00fcr Buprenorphine und PCP zu\n                    f\u00fchren. Erwartungsgem\u00e4\u00df waren die meisten\n                    R\u00fcckf\u00e4lle in allen BTM-Gruppen in den Altersgruppen von 18 bis\n                    35 Jahren vorzufinden. Auffallenderweise verstie\u00dfen mehr Frauen als\n                    M\u00e4nner mit Amphetaminen gegen die gerichtliche Abstinenzauflage,\n                    w\u00e4hrend sich die R\u00fcckf\u00e4lle mit den anderen sieben\n                    BTM-Gruppen vorwiegend bei M\u00e4nnern ereigneten. Im Verlauf des gesamten\n                    Beobachtungszeitraumes waren f\u00fcr Cannabis, Opiaten und Cocain die\n                    deutlichsten Schwankungen bei den R\u00fcckfallh\u00e4ufigkeiten\n                    vorzufinden.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Schlussfolgerung BTM-Konsum w\u00e4hrend der Bew\u00e4hrungs- und\n                    F\u00fchrungsaufsicht scheint eher kein seltenes Ereignis zu sein und fand\n                    bisher wenig fachliche Beachtung. Durch ein vermehrtes Augenmerk auf dieses\n                    gruppenspezifische R\u00fcckfallgeschehen und durch mehr themenbezogene\n                    Studien sollte dieses Defizit gemindert werden.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2173-8063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T00:11:53Z","timestamp":1703203913000},"page":"148-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bet\u00e4ubungsmittelkonsum unter Bew\u00e4hrungs- und\n                    F\u00fchrungsaufsicht \u2013 Eine Langzeituntersuchung zum\n                    risikogruppenspezifischen R\u00fcckfallgeschehen unter\n                    Abstinenzauflagen"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Ursula","family":"Kappl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t der LMU M\u00fcnchen, Institut\n                    f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie\n                    (IBE), M\u00fcnchen, Germany"},{"name":"Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t der LMU M\u00fcnchen, Pettenkofer\n                    School of Public Health, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Huppertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Toxikologie und Drogenmonitoring, MVZ Labor Dr.\n                    Quade und Kollegen, K\u00f6ln, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heino","family":"St\u00f6ver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Suchtforschung Frankfurt am Main (ISFF), Frankfurt\n                    University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heribert","family":"Stich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t der LMU M\u00fcnchen, Institut\n                    f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie\n                    (IBE), M\u00fcnchen, Germany"},{"name":"Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t der LMU M\u00fcnchen, Pettenkofer\n                    School of Public Health, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"},{"name":"Abteilung 7 Gesundheitsamt, Landratsamt Landshut, Landshut,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxy089","article-title":"The opioid crisis: Origins, trends, policies, and the roles of pharmacists","volume":"76","author":"M A Chisholm-Burns","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18010341","article-title":"Health(care) in the Crisis: Reflections in Science and Society on Opioid\n                    Addiction","volume":"18","author":"R Damiescu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Re Public Health"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.366","article-title":"The changing face of heroin use in the United States: a retrospective analysis\n                    of the past 50 years","volume":"71","author":"T J Cicero","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202361","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.2361","article-title":"Alcohol or benzodiazepine co-involvement with opioid overdose deaths in the\n                    United States, 1999-2017","volume":"8","author":"M E Tori","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-019-02686.2","article-title":"Tracing the US opioid crisis to its roots","volume":"573","author":"S DeWeerdt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1633-4262","article-title":"Illegale Drogenexpositionsf\u00e4lle im Einzugsbereich des Giftnotrufes\n                    Erfurt (2011 bis 2020)","volume":"12","author":"M Deters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gesundhwes"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0221153","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221153","article-title":"Opioid prescription patterns in Germany and the global opioid epidemic:\n                    Systematic review of available evidence","volume":"14","author":"B Rosner","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e498","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(19)30128-8","article-title":"Trends in use and misuse of opioids in the Netherlands: A retrospective,\n                    multi-source database study","volume":"4","author":"G A Kalkman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1243","article-title":"Opioid prescribing in the United States before and after the centers for disease\n                    control and prevention\u02bcs 2016 opioid guideline","volume":"169","author":"AS B Bohnert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00619-X","article-title":"Public Health and International Drug Policy: Report of the Johns Hopkins\n                    \u2013 Lancet Commission on Drug Policy and Health","volume":"387","author":"J Csete","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2011.02.002","article-title":"Effect of drug law enforcement on drug market violence: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"D Werb","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1884-8689","article-title":"Vermeidung drogeninduzierter Mortalit\u00e4t nach Haftentlassung","volume":"12","author":"H St\u00f6ver","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gesundhwes"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.003","article-title":"Trends and Correlates of Substance Use Disorders among Probationers and Parolees\n                    in the United States, 2002-2014","volume":"167","author":"N E Fearn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5201-7","article-title":"Competing priorities that rival health in adults on probation in Rhode Island:\n                    substance use recovery, employment, housing, and food intake","author":"K R Dong","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2013.844164","article-title":"Substance Use Among Victimized Women on Probation and Parole","volume":"49","author":"S Golder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2022.0244","article-title":"The use of psychoactive substances in Germany-findings from the Epidemiological\n                    Survey of Substance Abuse 2021","volume":"119","author":"C Rauschert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"volume-title":"Kurzbericht Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey 2018","year":"2019","author":"N N Seitz","key":"ref22"},{"volume-title":"Office of the Surgeon General. Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon\n                    General\u2019s Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health","year":"2016","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services\n                            (HHS)","key":"ref23"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"25","article-title":"Urine Labelling Marker Systems for Drug Testing Improves Patient Compliance","volume":"12","author":"K Simojoki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heroin Addict Relat Clin Probl"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/s1570-0232(02)00925-x","article-title":"Clinical use of polyethylene glycols as marker substances and determination in\n                    urine liquid chromatography","volume":"787","author":"G Gauchel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2352(94)90081-7","article-title":"Factors associated with probation outcome","volume":"22","author":"K D Morgan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Criminal Justice"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Psychologische Grundlagen der Sucht. In: Soyka M, Batra A, Heinz A, Moggi F,\n                    Walter M, Bilke-Hentsch O et al., Hrsg. Suchtmedizin. 1. Aufl","author":"H K\u00fcfner","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2018.1442382","article-title":"Past-year nonmedical use of prescription drugs among women on probation and\n                    parole: A cross-sectional study","volume":"39","author":"M T Hall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Subst Abus"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"259","volume-title":"Sedativa und Hypnotika. In: Soyka M, Batra A, Heinz A et al. Hrsg. Suchtmedizin.\n                    1. Aufl","author":"M Vogel","year":"2019"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e111","DOI":"10.1016\/jdrugpo.2013.04.006","article-title":"Non-prescribed use of substitution medication among German drug users \u2013\n                    prevalence, motives and availability","volume":"24","author":"C S Schmidt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"volume-title":"Drogenabh\u00e4ngigkeit. 4. Auflage","year":"2018","author":"K Behrendt","key":"ref33"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"25","volume":"12","author":"K Simojoki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Urine Lebelling Marker Systm for Drug Testing Improves Patient\n                    Compliance Heroin Addict Relat Clon Probl"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.021","article-title":"Need and utility of polyethylene glycol marker to ensure against urine\n                    falsification among heroin users","volume":"153","author":"J D Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28052127","article-title":"LC-MS\/MS Appliation in Pharmacotoxicological Field: Current State and\n                    New Applications","volume":"28","author":"C D`Ovidio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"}],"container-title":["Das Gesundheitswesen"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2173-8063.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T14:20:28Z","timestamp":1730816428000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2173-8063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2173-8063","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-3790","1439-4421"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0941-3790"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1439-4421"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]}}}