{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T15:48:31Z","timestamp":1784389711578,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Transpedicular screw (TPS) misplacement is still a nightmare for spine surgeons. Preoperative planning is one of the methods that a surgeon could use to minimize this complication. This study aims to compare the efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) preoperative planning in posterior lumbar TPSs placement performed using the freehand technique.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Patients and Methods\u2003Patients who underwent posterior TPSs placement for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis or spinal stenosis using the freehand technique between November 2021 and October 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. In total, 33 and 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria were consecutively operated on with preoperative 2D and 3D planning, respectively. The patients were divided into the 2D preoperative planning group (2DG) and 3D preoperative planning group (3DG) and the two groups were compared.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Sixty-three patients were operated during the study period. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding blood transfusion, operation time, and radiation exposure. Although the accuracy of TPSs positioning was 94.2 and 96.5% in the 2DG and 3DG, respectively, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. The upper facet joint violation rate was 12.8% (n\u2009=\u200920) in the 2DG versus 3.5% (n\u2009=\u20095) in the 3DG (p\u2009=\u20090.006). All L4 TPSs were inserted with their standard entry points without any modification (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001; relative\/risk ratio\u2009=\u20090.64). The modification rate was higher in L1, L2, and L5 TPSs (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001; \u03c7\n          2\u2009=\u200924.7).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003For patients with degenerative lumbar diseases, 3D preoperative planning in posterior lumbar instrumentation surgeries performed with the freehand technique decreased the upper facet joint violation rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2175-3215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T23:21:35Z","timestamp":1695079295000},"page":"001-011","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparing Three-dimensional and Two-dimensional Preoperative Planning for Lumbar Transpedicular Screw Placement: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7754-4984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"Do\u011fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medicine Hospital, Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3600-089X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anas","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences\u2014Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1748-6337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali O.","family":"Mu\u00e7uo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medicine Hospital, Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8303-1504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nail","family":"Demirel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences\u2014Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3388-8766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. Mehmet","family":"Elmada\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220944170","article-title":"Three-dimensional printing for preoperative planning and pedicle screw placement in adult spinal deformity: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"C D Lopez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"228","article-title":"Does three-dimensional preoperative planning improve accuracy of pedicle screw insertion?","volume":"85","author":"H Dogu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cesk Slov Neurol 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