{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T12:00:19Z","timestamp":1764331219973,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the severe acute respiratory distress virus coronavirus type 2\n                    (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, many women were infected during their pregnancies. The\n                    SARS-CoV-2-induced coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has an impact on maternal\n                    health and pregnancy outcomes; peripartum and perinatal morbidity and mortality\n                    are increased. Pregnancy is considered a risk factor for severe COVID-19 course.\n                    Additional risk factors during pregnancy are diabetes mellitus, gestational\n                    diabetes mellitus (GDM), and obesity. Systemic inflammation can lead to severe\n                    metabolic dysregulation with ketoacidosis. The endocrine pancreas is a target\n                    organ for SARS-CoV-2 and the fetal risk depends on inflammation of the placenta.\n                    Up to now there is no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy leads\n                    to permanent diabetes in mothers or their offspring via triggering autoimmunity\n                    or beta cell destruction. The frequently observed increased prevalence of GDM\n                    compared to the years before the pandemic is most likely due to changed\n                    lifestyle during lockdown. Furthermore, severe COVID-19 may be associated with\n                    the development of GDM due to worsening of glucose tolerance. Vaccination with a\n                    mRNA vaccine is safe and highly effective to prevent infection and to reduce\n                    hospitalization. Registries support offering evidence-based recommendations on\n                    vaccination for pregnant women. Even with the current omicron virus variant,\n                    there are increased risks for symptomatic and unvaccinated pregnant women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2180-7715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:22:46Z","timestamp":1698970966000},"page":"17-31","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["COVID-19, Pregnancy, and Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"228","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9790-3912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helmut J.","family":"Kleinwechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"diabetologikum kiel, Diabetes Center and Diabetes Education Center,\n                    Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina S.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatjana P","family":"Liedtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3545-8009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ute","family":"Sch\u00e4fer-Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Berlin Diabetes Center for Pregnant Women,\n                    St. Joseph Hospital, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3553-4056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja","family":"Groten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Competence Center for Diabetic Women, Jena\n                    University Hospital, Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"R\u00fcdiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saxony Center for Fetal-Neonatal Health, University Hospital Carl\n                    Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Pecks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of\n                    Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg,\n                    Maternal Health and Midwifery Science, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","first-page":"588","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy","volume":"119","author":"U Pecks","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl 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