{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T22:29:12Z","timestamp":1782253752178,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction\u2003The Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) scale was developed to evaluate the safety, efficiency, and overall pharyngeal swallowing performance in patients with dysphagia (DIGESTs, DIGESTe, and DIGESTt, respectively). Although various types of swallowing dysfunction are encountered in children with esophageal atresia (EA), oropharyngeal dysphagia poses risk for aspiration. Therefore, a retrospective study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of swallowing by using DIGEST score in children with EA.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Patients and Methods\u2003Thirty-nine EA patients were included. The demographic features, respiratory problems, results, and outcomes of surgical treatment were evaluated from medical records. The videofluoroscopic swallowing evaluation investigated for both airway protection and bolus residuals at the level of vallecula, posterior pharyngeal wall, and pyriform sinus at liquid and pudding consistencies. The penetration and aspiration scale (PAS) was used to define penetration and aspiration severity, and DIGEST was used to evaluate DIGESTs, DIGESTe, and DIGESTt.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The median age of the patients were 13 months (7\u201339 months), and male-to-female ratio was 25:14. Sixty-seven percent of patients were type-C EA and 61% of them has associated anomalies; 38% of patients had aspiration (PAS\u2009=\u20096\u20138) in liquids and 10% in pudding consistency. Life-threatening\/profound swallowing dysfunction in DIGESTe (DIGEST\u2009=\u20094) was seen in 13% (n\u2009=\u20095) of patients; 40% of EA patients showed severe problems in DIGESTt.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003DIGEST is a valid and reliable tool to define the efficacy and safety of swallowing in children with EA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2181-2293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T23:09:35Z","timestamp":1695683375000},"page":"392-397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity in Children with Esophageal Atresia"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Numan","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beg\u00fcm","family":"Pi\u015firen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selen Serel","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0465-7793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozlem","family":"Boybey\u0131-Turer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1505-6042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tutku","family":"Soyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.075","article-title":"Esophageal atresia: data from a national cohort","volume":"48","author":"R Sfeir","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-016-2760-4","article-title":"Dysphagia in children with repaired oesophageal atresia","volume":"175","author":"C H Coppens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J 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Soyer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"780197","article-title":"Bolus residue scale: an easy-to-use and reliable videofluoroscopic analysis tool to score bolus residue in patients with dysphagia","author":"N Rommel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-012-9426-9","article-title":"Image-based measurement of post-swallow residue: the normalized residue ratio scale","volume":"28","author":"W G Pearson Jr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-023-10582-1","article-title":"The role of bolus residue and its relation with respiratory problems in children with esophageal atresia","volume":"38","author":"T 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Pediatr Surg"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatric Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2181-2293.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T13:54:42Z","timestamp":1730814882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2181-2293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2181-2293","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-7248","1439-359X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-7248","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-359X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]]}}}