{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:19:05Z","timestamp":1785799145178,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Reconstr Microsurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Prophylactic lymphatic bypass or LYMPHA (LYmphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach) is increasingly offered to prevent lymphedema following breast cancer treatment, which develops in up to 47% of patients. Previous studies focused on intraoperative and postoperative lymphedema risk factors, which are often unknown preoperatively when the decision to perform LYMPHA is made. This study aims to identify preoperative lymphedema risk factors in the high-risk inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) population.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003Retrospective review of our institution's IBC program database was conducted. The primary outcome was self-reported lymphedema development. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify preoperative lymphedema risk factors, while controlling for number of lymph nodes removed during axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), number of positive lymph nodes, residual disease on pathology, and need for adjuvant chemotherapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Of 356 patients with IBC, 134 (mean age: 51 years, range: 22\u201389 years) had complete data. All 134 patients underwent surgery and radiation. Forty-seven percent of all 356 patients (167\/356) developed lymphedema. Obesity (body mass index\u2009&gt;\u200930) (odds ratio [OR]: 2.7, confidence interval [CI]: 1.2\u20136.4, p\u2009=\u20090.02) and non-white race (OR: 4.5, CI: 1.2\u201323, p\u2009=\u20090.04) were preoperative lymphedema risk factors.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Patients with IBC are high risk for developing lymphedema due to the need for ALND, radiation, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This study also identified non-white race and obesity as risk factors. Larger prospective studies should evaluate potential racial disparities in lymphedema development. Due to the high prevalence of lymphedema, LYMPHA should be considered for all patients with IBC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2182-1015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T23:07:30Z","timestamp":1695769650000},"page":"311-317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Preoperative Risk Factors for Lymphedema in Inflammatory Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2055-1411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Libby R.","family":"Copeland-Halperin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Northwell Health, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colby J.","family":"Hyland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goutam K.","family":"Gadiraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer R.","family":"Bellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana\u2013Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Lynce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dana\u2013Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanujit","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth P.","family":"Troll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Oncology, Dana\u2013Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean J.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Dana\u2013Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faina","family":"Nakhlis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin M.","family":"Broyles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"CDC Breast Cancer"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11010092","article-title":"Lymphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach (LYMPHA) for lymphedema prevention after axillary lymph node dissection-a single institution experience and feasibility of technique","volume":"11","author":"K Lipman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3296","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4721-y","article-title":"Single institution experience with Lymphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach (LYMPHA) for the primary prevention of lymphedema","volume":"22","author":"S Feldman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg 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