{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:19:08Z","timestamp":1758709148730,"version":"3.28.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"S 01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Objective\u2003This study had three purposes: first, to explore differences in fetal cardiac function in patients with and without intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) based on PR interval (the interval between the beginning of the atrial contraction and the beginning of the ventricular contraction). Second, to explore a potential correlation between PR interval and bile acid levels in pregnant women with ICP. Third, to study changes in PR interval of fetuses from pregnant women with ICP after administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Study Design\u2003This was a prospective observational case\u2013control study. ICP was defined as palmar plantar pruritus of nocturnal predominance for more than 1 week associated with a total bile acid level &gt;10 \u03bcmol\/L. Control cases were women with pregnancies scheduled for induction or elective cesarean section at term.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2003One hundred and ten women with ICP and 72 controls were included in the study. Median gestational age at inclusion was 35.9 weeks. Median PR interval was significantly longer in fetuses of women with ICP (122 vs. 102\u2009ms, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There was a significant correlation between bile acid levels and PR interval (rho\u2009=\u20090.723, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In 22 fetuses, the median PR interval decreased significantly following UDCA administration (134 vs. 118\u2009ms, p\u2009=\u20090.004).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003PR interval is longer in fetuses of women with ICP. PR interval was significantly correlated with bile acid levels, and administration of UDCA significantly reduced PR interval.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2184-0242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T22:52:40Z","timestamp":1696027960000},"page":"e2964-e2969","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Fetal PR Interval in Pregnancies with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Manuel","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Jos\u00e9, Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Cl\u00ednica Redsalud Vitacura, Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Monta\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Jos\u00e9, Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Ultrasonography, Cl\u00ednica Indisa, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda T.","family":"Haye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Jos\u00e9, Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cl\u00ednica Alemana, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Toro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Jos\u00e9, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nerea","family":"Maiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1989.tb12604.x","article-title":"Effect of bile acid on electrophysiological properties of rabbit sino-atrial node in vitro","volume":"98","author":"H Kotake","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"695","article-title":"Fetal compromise associated with extreme fetal bile acidemia and maternal primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"84","author":"D G Nolan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet 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Miragoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.05.035","article-title":"The mechanical PR interval in fetuses of women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy","volume":"203","author":"S L Strehlow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1159\/000444297","article-title":"Increased PR interval in fetuses of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy","volume":"40","author":"M Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000346","article-title":"Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy","volume":"124","author":"C Williamson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet 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Bolnick","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7333","article-title":"Fetal Doppler mechanical PR interval: correlation with fetal heart rate, gestational age and fetal sex","volume":"34","author":"A Wojakowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2019.02.029","article-title":"Evolution of the fetal atrioventricular interval from 6 to 40 weeks of gestation","volume":"123","author":"D L Gyenes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1159\/000331399","article-title":"Comparison of PR intervals determined by fetal magnetocardiography and pulsed Doppler echocardiography","volume":"32","author":"Y Kato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn 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