{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T08:46:31Z","timestamp":1776933991437,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Hintergrund Die In-vivo-Charakterisierung der Morphologie des Epithelgewebes der Kornea ist von erheblicher Bedeutung f\u00fcr die Diagnostik, die Krankheitsprognose und die Entwicklung\n          einer Behandlungsstrategie bei Oberfl\u00e4chenerkrankungen des Auges. Im Gegensatz zu vielen alternativen Methoden bietet die In-vivo-Konfokalmikroskopie der Kornea (CCM) nicht nur eine\n          makroskopische Beschreibung des kornealen Gewebes, sondern erm\u00f6glicht dessen Darstellung mit zellul\u00e4rer Aufl\u00f6sung. Die Translation der CCM von der Forschung in die klinische Praxis ist\n          jedoch durch die komplexe und bisher weitgehend manuelle Bedienung der verf\u00fcgbaren CCM-Systeme erheblich eingeschr\u00e4nkt. F\u00fcr Tiefenschnittbilder, analog zur konventionellen\n          Spaltlampenmikroskopie, m\u00fcssen au\u00dferdem aufgrund der frontalen Orientierung des Bildfeldes bei der CCM in aufwendigen Tiefenscans Volumenaufnahmen erzeugt werden, aus denen sich anschlie\u00dfend\n          Tiefenschnitte berechnen lassen. Bereits die reine Aufnahmedauer liegt hierbei im Bereich von Sekunden, zus\u00e4tzlich m\u00fcssen Bewegungsartefakte aufwendig korrigiert werden.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Material und Methoden Dieser Beitrag stellt das Konzept und die Optiksimulation eines neuen Bildgebungsverfahrens auf Basis eines Swept-Source-Lasers in Verbindung mit einer\n          speziellen chromatischen Optik vor. Hierbei ver\u00e4ndert der Laser periodisch seine Wellenl\u00e4nge und wird aufgrund der wellenl\u00e4ngenabh\u00e4ngigen Aberration der chromatischen Optik in\n          unterschiedlichen Tiefen fokussiert.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse der Optiksimulation versprechen eine gute optische Aufl\u00f6sung bei einer Abbildungstiefe von insgesamt 145\u2009\u00b5m.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Schlussfolgerung Das langfristige Ziel ist die konfokalmikroskopische zellaufl\u00f6sende In-vivo-Bildgebung der Kornea in Echtzeit mit verschieden orientierten Schnittrichtungen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2184-9382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T23:40:27Z","timestamp":1702510827000},"page":"1375-1382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chromatic Swept-Source Laser Scanning \u2013 Konzept f\u00fcr eine zellaufl\u00f6sende konfokale Laserspaltlampe?"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"240","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9701-0891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karsten","family":"Sperlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Rostock, Deutschland"},{"name":"Department Leben, Licht & Materie, Universit\u00e4t Rostock, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Bohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Rostock, Deutschland"},{"name":"Department Leben, Licht & Materie, Universit\u00e4t Rostock, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus-Martin","family":"Reichert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Automation und angewandte Informatik, Karlsruher Institut f\u00fcr Technologie (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Stolz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Physik, Universit\u00e4t Rostock, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudolf F.","family":"Guthoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Rostock, Deutschland"},{"name":"Department Leben, Licht & Materie, Universit\u00e4t Rostock, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Stachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Rostock, Deutschland"},{"name":"Department Leben, Licht & Materie, Universit\u00e4t Rostock, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1218-448X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Allgeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Automation und angewandte Informatik, Karlsruher Institut f\u00fcr Technologie (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/s1542-0124(12)70083-6","article-title":"Methodologies to diagnose and monitor dry eye disease: Report of the Diagnostic Methodology Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007)","volume":"5","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.001","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II Diagnostic Methodology report","volume":"15","author":"J S Wolffsohn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"905","article-title":"Surface phenomena of tear films","volume":"66","author":"J E McDonald","year":"1968","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000277","article-title":"Diurnal and zonal analysis of corneal surface temperature in young healthy adults","volume":"23","author":"S Moussa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.03.004","article-title":"Tear film aberration dynamics and vision-related quality of life in patients with dry eye disease","volume":"119","author":"A Denoyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-16638-0","volume-title":"High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology: New Frontiers in Biomedical Optics [Internet]","author":"J F Bille","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4007","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.465916","article-title":"Line-scanning SD-OCT for in-vivo, non-contact, volumetric, cellular resolution imaging of the human cornea and limbus","volume":"13","author":"L Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32814-3","article-title":"En face and cross-sectional corneal tomograms using sub-micron spatial resolution optical coherence tomography","volume":"8","author":"Y T Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2013.842592","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopy of the ocular surface: From bench to bedside","volume":"39","author":"E Villani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000989","article-title":"Bilateral alterations in corneal nerves, dendritic cells, and tear cytokine levels in ocular surface disease","volume":"35","author":"T Yamaguchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2016.09.004","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopy of corneal nerves in health and disease","volume":"15","author":"A Cruzat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-310759","article-title":"Advances in dry eye imaging: the\u00a0present and beyond","volume":"102","author":"T CY Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951081","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/951081","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopy of the human cornea in the assessment of peripheral neuropathy and systemic diseases","volume":"2015","author":"E F Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31825ec44e","article-title":"Quantitative 3-dimensional corneal imaging in vivo using a modified HRT-RCM confocal microscope","volume":"32","author":"W M Petroll","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"263","volume-title":"In vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy","author":"O Stachs","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31824ee8c9","article-title":"Optimal image sample size for corneal nerve morphometry","volume":"89","author":"D Vagenas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7091","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12999","article-title":"Standardized baseline human corneal subbasal nerve density for clinical investigations with laser-scanning in vivo confocal microscopy","volume":"54","author":"M Parissi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5801","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17434","article-title":"Comparison of standard versus wide-field composite images of the corneal subbasal layer by in vivo confocal microscopy","volume":"56","author":"A Kheirkhah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2015.02.006","article-title":"In vivo corneal confocal microscopy and prediction of future-incident neuropathy in type 1 diabetes: a preliminary longitudinal analysis","volume":"39","author":"L E Lovblom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000760","article-title":"Risk factors associated with corneal nerve alteration in type 1 diabetes in the absence of neuropathy: a longitudinal in vivo corneal confocal microscopy study","volume":"35","author":"C Dehghani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001096","article-title":"Corneal nerve morphology and tear film substance P in diabetes","volume":"94","author":"M Markoulli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.175489","article-title":"Real-time mapping of the subepithelial nerve plexus by in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy","volume":"94","author":"A Zhivov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8454","article-title":"Fully automated montaging of laser scanning in vivo confocal microscopy images of the human corneal subbasal nerve plexus","volume":"53","author":"J T Turuwhenua","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0b013e318245c012","article-title":"Wide-field assessment of the human corneal subbasal nerve plexus in diabetic neuropathy using a novel mapping technique","volume":"31","author":"K Edwards","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6082","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14698","article-title":"Mosaicking the subbasal nerve plexus by guided eye movements","volume":"55","author":"S Allgeier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25915-6","article-title":"3D confocal laser-scanning microscopy for large-area imaging of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus","volume":"8","author":"S Allgeier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"333","article-title":"Normal human keratocyte density and corneal thickness measurement by using confocal microscopy in vivo","volume":"42","author":"S V Patel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e31826247bf","article-title":"Characteristic quantities of corneal epithelial structures in confocal laser scanning microscopic volume data sets","volume":"32","author":"R K Prakasam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-20-1052","article-title":"Morphological characterization of the human corneal epithelium by in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy","volume":"11","author":"K A Sterenczak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"2945","article-title":"On-line 3-dimensional confocal imaging in vivo","volume":"41","author":"J Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2007.4352398","article-title":"In vivo three-dimensional reconstruction of the cornea from confocal microscopy images","volume":"2007","author":"F Scarpa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.137430","article-title":"In vivo three-dimensional confocal laser scanning microscopy of corneal surface and epithelium","volume":"93","author":"A Zhivov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2015.05.002","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopy of the cornea: new developments in image acquisition, reconstruction, and analysis using the HRT-Rostock Corneal Module","volume":"13","author":"W M Petroll","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.9.002511","article-title":"Cellular in vivo 3D imaging of the cornea by confocal laser scanning microscopy","volume":"9","author":"S Bohn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5022","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6065","article-title":"Image reconstruction of the subbasal nerve plexus with in vivo confocal microscopy","volume":"52","author":"S Allgeier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2849","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.393801","article-title":"In vivo imaging of the human cornea with high-speed and high-resolution Fourier-domain full-field optical coherence tomography","volume":"11","author":"E Auksorius","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5123","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.53.005123","article-title":"Chromatic confocal microscopy using staircase diffractive surface","volume":"53","author":"M Rayer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Opt"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4744","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.36.004744","article-title":"Diffractive lenses for chromatic confocal imaging","volume":"36","author":"S L Dobson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl Opt"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2005.01.003","article-title":"Hyperchromats with linear dependence of longitudinal chromatic aberration on wavelength","volume":"116","author":"J Novak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.27.000412","article-title":"Spectrally encoded miniature endoscopy","volume":"27","author":"G J Tearney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Opt Lett"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8214","DOI":"10.1364\/opex.13.008214","article-title":"Rapid wavelength-swept spectrally encoded confocal microscopy","volume":"13","author":"C Boudoux","year":"2005","journal-title":"Opt Express"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"036016","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.20.3.036016","article-title":"Spectrally encoded slit confocal microscopy using a wavelength-swept laser","volume":"20","author":"S Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.2010.03367.x","article-title":"Co-registered spectrally encoded confocal microscopy and optical frequency domain imaging system","volume":"239","author":"D K Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Microsc"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"054009","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-0233\/23\/5\/054009","article-title":"Advantages of chromatic-confocal spectral interferometry in comparison to chromatic confocal microscopy","volume":"23","author":"W Lyda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Meas Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.4.000732","article-title":"Chromatic confocal microscopy for multi-depth imaging of epithelial tissue","volume":"4","author":"C Olsovsky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"}],"container-title":["Klinische Monatsbl\u00e4tter f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2184-9382.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T23:40:55Z","timestamp":1702510855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2184-9382"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2184-9382","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-2165","1439-3999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-2165","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3999","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}}}