{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:10:44Z","timestamp":1770898244498,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>While rhytidectomy can yield remarkable results, some patients may subsequently require revision rhytidectomy due to either unsatisfactory outcomes from primary surgery or the natural aging process many years later. Like most other secondary plastic surgical procedures, revision rhytidectomy is a complex undertaking and fraught with potential pitfalls. This can be attributable to natural or postsurgical alterations that can occur with the facial skin, superficial musculoaponeurotic system\/platysma muscle, and\/or facial nerve landmarks. Additionally, complications such as cobra neck deformity, pixie ear deformity, and synkinesis can add an extra level of complexity to revisional surgery. Furthermore, as more surgeons are performing deep-plane facelifts and more aggressive neck procedures, the risks are further amplified in revisional surgery. In this article, we review the challenges that a facelift surgeon may face when performing revision rhytidectomy and the technical considerations to overcome these obstacles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2190-8558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T23:37:12Z","timestamp":1697153832000},"page":"82-90","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Revision Rhytidectomy: Pearls and Pitfalls"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Kasra","family":"Ziai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery, The Center for Advanced Facial Plastic Surgery, Beverly Hills, California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Babak","family":"Azizzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facial Plastic Surgery, The Center for Advanced Facial Plastic Surgery, Beverly Hills, California"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200001000-00049","article-title":"Face lifting: problems, solutions, and an outcome study","volume":"105","author":"J Q Owsley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31826d9eea","article-title":"Secondary rhytidectomy: comprehensive review and current concepts","volume":"130","author":"Y M Rasko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2005.04.005","article-title":"Complications of rhytidectomy","volume":"13","author":"J S Moyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1312703","article-title":"Face-lift complications","volume":"28","author":"J D Bloom","year":"2012","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181f95c08","article-title":"A systematic review of comparison of efficacy and complication rates among face-lift techniques","volume":"127","author":"S Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2230","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181f830c3","article-title":"An evidence-based approach to face lift","volume":"126","author":"B Guyuron","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31827c70f1","article-title":"A 20-year experience with secondary rhytidectomy: a review of technique, longevity, and outcomes","volume":"131","author":"E W Beale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2947","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000002947","article-title":"Revision and secondary facelift: problems frequently encountered","volume":"8","author":"G A Skouras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2022.03.007","article-title":"Carbon dioxide laser rejuvenation of the facial skin","volume":"30","author":"K Ziai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e336","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14483","article-title":"Multiple ulcers on the face due to infection after thread-lifting","volume":"45","author":"H Kasai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004101","article-title":"Thread-lift sutures: still in the lift? 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