{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:11:31Z","timestamp":1790806291904,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["314061271; CRC\/Transregio 205\/2 \u201cThe Adrenal: Ce"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["314061271; CRC\/Transregio 205\/2 \u201cThe Adrenal: Ce"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020613","name":"Graduate School of Life Sciences, Julius-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020613","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Metab Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances known to interfere\n                    with endocrine homeostasis and promote adverse health outcomes. Their impact on\n                    the adrenal cortex, corticosteroids and their physiological role in the organism\n                    has not yet been sufficiently elucidated. In this review, we collect\n                    experimental and epidemiological evidence on adrenal disruption by relevant\n                    endocrine disruptors. In vitro data suggest significant alterations of gene\n                    expression, cell signalling, steroid production, steroid distribution, and\n                    action. Additionally, morphological studies revealed disturbances in tissue\n                    organization and development, local inflammation, and zone-specific hyperplasia.\n                    Finally, endocrine circuits, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,\n                    might be affected by EDCs. Many questions regarding the detection of\n                    steroidogenesis disruption and the effects of combined toxicity remain\n                    unanswered. Not only due to the diverse mode of action of adrenal steroids and\n                    their implication in many common diseases, there is no doubt that further\n                    research on endocrine disruption of the adrenocortical system is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2198-9307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T23:10:00Z","timestamp":1698361800000},"page":"78-90","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Endocrine Disruptors: Focus on the Adrenal Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Benedikt","family":"P\u00f6tzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and\n                    Diabetes, University Hospital of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"K\u00fcrzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and\n                    Diabetes, University Hospital of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Stopper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of\n                    W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Fassnacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and\n                    Diabetes, University Hospital of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Kurlbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and\n                    Diabetes, University Hospital of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg,\n                    Germany"},{"name":"Central Laboratory, Core Unit Clinical Mass Spectrometry, University\n                    Hospital of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Dischinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and\n                    Diabetes, University Hospital of W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c04158","article-title":"Outside the safe operating space of the planetary boundary for novel\n                    entities","volume":"56","author":"M Persson L","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32345-0","article-title":"The Lancet commission on pollution and health","volume":"391","author":"P J Landrigan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2021.122642","article-title":"Analytical methods for the determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in\n                    cosmetics and personal care products: a review","volume":"234","author":"L Mart\u00edn-Pozo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.12.019","article-title":"Downsides of the recycling process: harmful organic chemicals in\n                    children\u2019s toys","volume":"65","author":"A C Ionas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084236","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1084236","article-title":"A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic and their\n                    associated chemicals in mammals","volume":"13","author":"S Ullah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1010","article-title":"EDC-2: The Endocrine Society\u2019s second scientific statement on\n                    endocrine-disrupting chemicals","volume":"36","author":"A C Gore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oneear.2020.10.020","article-title":"Reaching new heights in plastic pollution\u2014preliminary findings of\n                    microplastics on Mount Everest","volume":"3","author":"I E Napper","year":"2020","journal-title":"One Earth"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7185\/geochemlet.1829","article-title":"Microplastics contaminate the deepest part of the world\u2019s ocean","volume":"9","author":"X Peng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geochem Perspect Lett"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35341","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09564-9","article-title":"Filtered air intervention reduces inflammation and\n                    hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activation in adult male and female rats\n                    after PM 2.5 exposure","volume":"27","author":"C Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.07.053","article-title":"Hazardous organic chemicals in rubber recycled tire playgrounds and pavers","volume":"90","author":"M Llompart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.03.080","article-title":"Mass balance evaluation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in landfill leachate\n                    and potential for transfer from e-waste","volume":"461\u2013462","author":"M N Danon-Schaffer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.1225","article-title":"Fate of environmental pollutants","volume":"91","author":"A Ng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Environ Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.10.021","article-title":"Determination of bisphenol A and its chlorinated derivatives in placental tissue\n                    samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"878","author":"I Jim\u00e9nez-D\u00edaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.01.028","article-title":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals in seminal plasma and couple fecundity","volume":"163","author":"G M Buck Louis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-005-0674-4","article-title":"Detection of phthalate metabolites in human saliva","volume":"79","author":"M J Silva","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2012.03.009","article-title":"Fetal bisphenol A exposure: concentration of conjugated and unconjugated\n                    bisphenol A in amniotic fluid in the second and third trimesters","volume":"34","author":"A G Edlow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2765","article-title":"Disparities in environmental exposures to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and\n                    diabetes risk in vulnerable populations","volume":"41","author":"D Ruiz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2021.113778","article-title":"Chemical prioritisation strategy in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative\n                    (HBM4EU) \u2013 development and results","volume":"236","author":"E Ougier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"e06857","article-title":"Re-evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol\n                    A (BPA) in foodstuffs","volume":"21","author":"C Lambr\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2015.05.008","article-title":"Multigenerational and transgenerational effects of endocrine disrupting\n                    chemicals: A role for altered epigenetic regulation?","volume":"43","author":"F Xin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02502-2","article-title":"Nonfunctional adrenal incidentalomas may be related to bisphenol-A","volume":"71","author":"F Eker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3460","article-title":"Evidence for persistent organochlorine pollutants in the human adrenal\n                    cortex","volume":"37","author":"E Fommei","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801139-3.00012-0","article-title":"Endocrine disruption of adrenocortical function","author":"P W Harvey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Disrupt Hum Health"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(84)90224-0","article-title":"The effects of drugs and chemicals upon the structure of the adrenal gland","volume":"4","author":"W E Ribelin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fundament Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.04.004","article-title":"Tissue localisation of tetra- and pentabromodiphenyl ether congeners (BDE-47,\n                    -85 and -99) in perinatal and adult C57BL mice","volume":"62","author":"P O Darnerud","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1080\/00498250110119117","article-title":"Tissue disposition, excretion and metabolism of\n                    2,2\u2019,4,4\u2019,5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) in the male\n                    Sprague-Dawley rat","volume":"32","author":"H Hakk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(88)90028-2","article-title":"Metabolic activation and toxicity of a DDT-metabolite, 3-methylsulphonly-DDE, in\n                    the adrenal zona fasciculata in mice","volume":"65","author":"B-O Lund","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2005.09.006","article-title":"Effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on adrenal function","volume":"20","author":"J P Hinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0273-8","article-title":"Consensus on the key characteristics of endocrine-disrupting chemicals as a\n                    basis for hazard identification","volume":"16","author":"M A La Merrill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2014.07.007","article-title":"Endocrine disruptors and other inhibitors of 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid\n                    dehydrogenase 1 and 2: tissue-specific consequences of enzyme inhibition","volume":"155","author":"J Vitku","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2020.113650","article-title":"Cross-species physiological interactions of endocrine disrupting chemicals with\n                    the circadian clock","volume":"301","author":"L N Bottalico","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5971","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-4024-5","article-title":"Melatonin attenuates bisphenol A-induced toxicity of the adrenal gland of Wistar\n                    rats","volume":"26","author":"S G Olukole","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11081617","article-title":"From oxidative stress to male infertility: review of the associations of\n                    endocrine-disrupting chemicals (bisphenols, phthalates, and parabens) with human\n                    semen quality","volume":"11","author":"I Virant-Klun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105133","article-title":"Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors and corticosteroid homeostasis\n                    are potential targets for endocrine-disrupting chemicals","volume":"133","author":"J Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0138438","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138438","article-title":"Androgen and progesterone receptors are targets for bisphenol A (BPA),\n                        4-methyl-2,4-bis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)pent-1-ene--a potent metabolite of\n                    BPA, and 4-tert-octylphenol: a computational insight","volume":"10","author":"M Rehan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2018.12.001","article-title":"Profiling of bisphenol A and eight its analogues on transcriptional activity via\n                    human nuclear receptors","volume":"413","author":"H Kojima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2019.114610","article-title":"Receptor-binding affinities of bisphenol A and its next-generation analogs for\n                    human nuclear receptors","volume":"377","author":"X Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2019.04.003","article-title":"Functional profiling of bisphenols for nuclear receptors","volume":"420","author":"M Grimaldi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3221","article-title":"Human ketosteroid receptors interact with hazardous phthalate plasticizers and\n                    their metabolites: an in silico study","volume":"36","author":"M K Sarath Josh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12175","article-title":"Prenatal phthalate exposure: epigenetic changes leading to lifelong impact on\n                    steroid formation","volume":"4","author":"D B Martinez-Arguelles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.02.062","article-title":"Herbicide atrazine activates SF-1 by direct affinity and concomitant\n                    co-activators recruitments to induce aromatase expression via promoter II","volume":"355","author":"W Fan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107279","article-title":"Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate substitutes accelerate human adipogenesis through\n                    PPAR\u03b3 activation and cause oxidative stress and impaired metabolic\n                    homeostasis in mature adipocytes","volume":"164","author":"A Schaffert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.12.004","article-title":"Determination of endocrine-disrupting potencies of agricultural soils in China\n                    via a battery of steroid receptor bioassays","volume":"234","author":"J Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Poll"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2015.03.002","article-title":"Steroid hormone related effects of marine persistent organic pollutants in human\n                    H295R adrenocortical carcinoma cells","volume":"29","author":"M W van den Dungen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1921","article-title":"In utero exposure to the endocrine disruptor di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces\n                    long-term changes in gene expression in the adult male adrenal gland","volume":"155","author":"D B Martinez-Arguelles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.089920","article-title":"In utero exposure to the antiandrogen di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate decreases\n                    adrenal aldosterone production in the adult rat","volume":"85","author":"D B Martinez-Arguelles","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.9b00123","article-title":"4-Bromodiphenyl ether causes adrenal gland dysfunction in rats during\n                    puberty","volume":"32","author":"X Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfv162","article-title":"Low-dose bisphenol A activates Cyp11a1 gene expression and corticosterone\n                    secretion in adrenal gland via the JNK signaling pathway","volume":"148","author":"H-C Lan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.01.004","article-title":"Bisphenol A stimulates adrenal cortical cell proliferation via\n                    ER\u03b2-mediated activation of the sonic hedgehog signalling pathway","volume":"178","author":"S Medwid","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"304","article-title":"Fetal exposure to low levels of the plasticizer dehp predisposes the adult male\n                    adrenal gland to endocrine disruption","volume":"158","author":"S Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on the epigenome \u2013\n                    a short overview","volume":"6","author":"A Buha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxicol Res Appl"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530322666220411082656","article-title":"Comprehending the role of endocrine disruptors in inducing epigenetic\n                    toxicity","volume":"22","author":"A Kirtana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrine Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2015.07.021","article-title":"Analysis of endocrine disruption effect of Roundup\u00ae in\n                    adrenal gland of male rats","volume":"2","author":"A Pandey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol Rep"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27574","article-title":"Bisphenol A stimulates steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression via an\n                    unknown mechanism in adrenal cortical cells","volume":"129","author":"S Medwid","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bqab160","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab160","article-title":"Adrenal corticosteroid perturbation by the endocrine disruptor BDE-47 in a human\n                    adrenocortical cell line and male rats","volume":"162","author":"B M Dungar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3029","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11193029","article-title":"Di-n-butyl phthalate and its monoester metabolite impairs steroid hormone\n                    biosynthesis in human cells: mechanistic in vitro studies","volume":"11","author":"L K\u00e4llsten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138500","article-title":"Effects of fast food packaging plasticizers and their metabolites on steroid\n                    hormone synthesis in H295R cells","volume":"726","author":"C Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2016.08.008","article-title":"Alteration of sex hormone levels and steroidogenic pathway by several low\n                    molecular weight phthalates and their metabolites in male zebrafish (Danio\n                    rerio) and\/or human adrenal cell (H295R) line","volume":"320","author":"J Sohn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.3390\/pr9081471","article-title":"Assessment of the effective impact of bisphenols on mitochondrial activity,\n                    viability and steroidogenesis in a dose-dependency in human adrenocortical\n                    carcinoma cells","volume":"9","author":"N Kn\u00ed\u017eatov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Processes"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2021.108826","article-title":"An in vitro investigation of endocrine disrupting potentials of ten bisphenol\n                    analogues","volume":"169","author":"J Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3355","article-title":"Molecular docking reveals the potential of phthalate esters to inhibit the\n                    enzymes of the glucocorticoid biosynthesis pathway","volume":"37","author":"S Ahmad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.2174\/138920008784220637","article-title":"Sulfotransferase inhibition: potential impact of diet and environmental\n                    chemicals on steroid metabolism and drug detoxification","volume":"9","author":"R M Harris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2020.01.001","article-title":"Tributyltin and triphenyltin induce 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2\n                    expression and activity through activation of retinoid X receptor \u03b1","volume":"322","author":"S G Inderbinen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.11.057","article-title":"Effects of defined mixtures of POPs and endocrine disruptors on the steroid\n                    metabolome of the human H295R adrenocortical cell line","volume":"218","author":"KE M Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"104","article-title":"Histological study of the effect of tributyltin on the adrenal cortical cells of\n                    adult male albino rats","volume":"43","author":"AAE-M Solaiman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Egypt J Histol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2018.05.025","article-title":"Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) can alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal\n                    (HPA) axis activity by modifying CRF1 and glucocorticoid receptors","volume":"295","author":"R Salgado-Freir\u00eda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2978","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1896","article-title":"The environmental pollutant tributyltin chloride disrupts the\n                    hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis at different levels in female rats","volume":"157","author":"E Merlo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.127239","article-title":"Effects of alkylphenols mixture on the adrenal gland of the lizard Podarcis\n                    sicula","volume":"258","author":"M Di Lorenzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.7555\/JBR.29.20140058","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity accounts for anxiety- and\n                    depression-like behaviors in rats perinatally exposed to bisphenol A","volume":"29","author":"F Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Biomed Res"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.05.010","article-title":"Sex differences in the adult HPA axis and affective behaviors are altered by\n                    perinatal exposure to a low dose of bisphenol A","volume":"1571","author":"F Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-13-0416","article-title":"Perinatal exposure to low-dose bisphenol A affects the neuroendocrine stress\n                    response in rats","volume":"220","author":"E Panagiotidou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9367","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66379-x","article-title":"Long term transcriptional and behavioral effects in mice developmentally exposed\n                    to a mixture of endocrine disruptors associated with delayed human\n                    neurodevelopment","volume":"10","author":"A Repouskou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3497","article-title":"Endocrine disruption: In silico interactions between phthalate plasticizers and\n                    corticosteroid binding globulin","volume":"37","author":"I A Sheikh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0151444","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151444","article-title":"Endocrine disruption: computational perspectives on human sex hormone-binding\n                    globulin and phthalate plasticizers","volume":"11","author":"I A Sheikh","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfu231","article-title":"Human sex hormone-binding globulin binding affinities of 125 structurally\n                    diverse chemicals and comparison with their binding to androgen receptor,\n                    estrogen receptor, and \u03b1-fetoprotein","volume":"143","author":"H Hong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-018-2207-y","article-title":"Corticosteroid-binding globulin, induced in testicular Leydig cells by\n                    perfluorooctanoic acid, promotes steroid hormone synthesis","volume":"92","author":"S Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2015.12.017","article-title":"Molecular simulation study of the specific combination between four kinds of\n                    phthalic acid esters and human serum albumin","volume":"41","author":"Z Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2010.04.076","article-title":"Investigation of the interaction between endocrine disruptor bisphenol A and\n                    human serum albumin","volume":"80","author":"X Xie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2014.05.093","article-title":"Probing the binding of an endocrine disrupting compound-Bisphenol F to human\n                    serum albumin: insights into the interactions of harmful chemicals with\n                    functional biomacromolecules","volume":"132","author":"F Pan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2021.103780","article-title":"mRNA expression and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of\n                    adrenal steroidogenesis in response to exposure to phthalates in rats","volume":"89","author":"S Ahmad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-021-05132-4","article-title":"Low-dose exposure to endocrine disruptor dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)\n                    affects transcriptional regulation of adrenal zona reticularis in male rats","volume":"170","author":"N V Yaglova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-018-4019-8","article-title":"Changes in canonical \u03b2-catenin\/Wnt signaling activation in the\n                    adrenal cortex of rats exposed to endocrine disruptor\n                    dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) during prenatal and postnatal\n                    ontogeny","volume":"164","author":"D A Tsomartova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2020.101415","article-title":"New perspectives for mitotane treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma","volume":"34","author":"S Puglisi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026796","article-title":"Particulate matter exposure and stress hormone levels: a randomized,\n                    double-blind, crossover trial of air purification","volume":"136","author":"H Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882569","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.882569","article-title":"The physiological effects of air pollution: particulate matter, physiology and\n                    disease","volume":"10","author":"J T Pryor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.137633","article-title":"A human-relevant mixture of endocrine disrupting chemicals induces changes in\n                    hippocampal DNA methylation correlating with hyperactive behavior in male\n                    mice","volume":"313","author":"M Di Criscio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2015.09.028","article-title":"Developmental exposure to bisphenol A alters expression and DNA methylation of\n                    Fkbp5, an important regulator of the stress response","volume":"417","author":"E Kitraki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2012.05.023","article-title":"Maternal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate alters kidney development\n                    through the renin-angiotensin system in offspring","volume":"212","author":"Z Wei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2012.10.027","article-title":"Maternal in utero exposure to the endocrine disruptor di-(2-ethylhexyl)\n                    phthalate affects the blood pressure of adult male offspring","volume":"266","author":"D B Martinez-Arguelles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(94)90277-1","article-title":"The NCI-H295 cell line: a pluripotent model for human adrenocortical\n                    studies","volume":"100","author":"W E Rainey","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2006.06.012","article-title":"The H295R system for evaluation of endocrine-disrupting effects","volume":"65","author":"T Gracia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2022.151912","article-title":"Human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line (NCI-H295R): an in vitro screening\n                    model for the assessment of endocrine disruptors\u2019 actions on\n                    steroidogenesis with an emphasis on cell ultrastructural features","volume":"124","author":"H Duranova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Histochemica"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ20-0359","article-title":"Involvement of clock gene expression, bone morphogenetic protein and activin in\n                    adrenocortical steroidogenesis by human H295R cells","volume":"68","author":"Y Soejima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2015.00031","article-title":"Dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function contributes to altered\n                    endocrine and neurobehavioral responses to acute stress","volume":"6","author":"S A Kinlein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114869","article-title":"Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and endocrine neoplasia: a forty-year systematic\n                    review","volume":"218","author":"S Macedo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-016-9326-7","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs)","volume":"16","author":"E Palioura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2014.06.003","article-title":"DHEA, DHEAS and PCOS","volume":"145","author":"M O Goodarzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Hormone and Metabolic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2198-9307.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T13:23:10Z","timestamp":1730812990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2198-9307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2198-9307","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-5043","1439-4286"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-5043","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-4286","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]}}}