{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:32:10Z","timestamp":1791232330137,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can affect\n                    the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) due to the expression of the\n                    angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objectives To assess the prevalence of hypogonadism and Sertoli cell\n                    dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) male survivors.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Method Male subjects recovered from acute COVID-19 infection were\n                    prospectively observed. The primary outcomes included the proportion of\n                    hypogonadism, defined biochemically as serum\n                    testosterone&lt;230\u2009ng\/dL or CFT\n                    of&lt;6.4\u2009ng\/mL if the total testosterone is between\n                    230\u2013320\u2009ng\/m. Sertoli cell dysfunction was defined as\n                    inhibin-B level&lt;54.5\u2009pg\/mL. Subjects with hypogonadism\n                    were followed up at 12 months to assess the recovery of the HPG axis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results Eighty-three subjects aged\u226518 years were evaluated at a\n                    median of 120 (\u00b135) days post-recovery. Their mean age was\n                    49.50\u00b112.73 years, and the mean BMI was\n                        26.84\u00b15.62\u2009kg\/m2. Low testosterone was\n                    detected in 21 (24.71%) and low inhibin-B was detected in 14\n                    (19.71%) out of 71 subjects at 3 months. Subjects with low testosterone\n                    were younger, with a mean age of 43.29\u00b112.03 years (P-0.08) and higher\n                    BMI (P-0.012). The severity of COVID-19 infection, duration of hospitalization,\n                    and other factors were not significantly associated with low testosterone. At 12\n                    months, 18 out of 21 subjects came for follow-up, of which 9 (50%)\n                    showed persistently low testosterone, suggestive of hypogonadism.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion Following COVID-19 infection, testosterone levels recovered\n                    over time; however, a significant proportion of subjects had low levels at\n                    12-month follow-up. These findings have long-term implications for the\n                    management of COVID-19 subjects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2201-8816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]],"date-time":"2023-12-05T00:25:50Z","timestamp":1701735950000},"page":"23-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Male Hypogonadism After Recovery from Acute COVID-19 Infection: A\n                    Prospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Aravind","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate\n                    Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. G","family":"Rashmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate\n                    Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayaprakash","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate\n                    Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadishkumar","family":"Kamalanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate\n                    Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukta","family":"Wyawahare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate\n                    Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Anusuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate\n                    Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dukhabandhu","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate\n                    Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.058","article-title":"Structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein","volume":"181","author":"A C 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A cross-sectional study comparing\n                    hormonal parameters","volume":"26","author":"K Karkin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-022-01887-3","article-title":"Male reproductive health after 3 months from SARS-CoV-2 infection: A\n                    multicentric study","volume":"46","author":"D Paoli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies:\n                    Development and validation","volume":"40","author":"M E Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2000.8625","article-title":"Validation of a screening questionnaire for androgen deficiency in aging\n   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