{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:04:28Z","timestamp":1791227068934,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>CrossFit is characterized by being a standardized training program that improves\n                    physical performance through the provision of several stimuli regardless of the\n                    participant\u2019s strength level. This study aimed to compare the acute\n                    response in total repetitions as a measurement of performance, jump ability,\n                    physiological demand (heart rate and blood lactate), and perceived effort\n                    considering the participants\u2019 strength level with individualized\n                    intensity in CrossFit. Thirty-five participants were assessed and asked to\n                    participate on two separate days in a standardized and relative \u2018As Many\n                    Repetitions As Possible\u2019 (AMRAP) CrossFit circuit. Both AMRAPs comprised\n                    strength, gymnastic and aerobic exercises, although only strength was\n                    individualized according to the participant\u2019s level. Before the\n                    statistical analysis, participants were allocated to higher- or lower-strength\n                    groups following the one-repetition maximum-bodyweight ratio in the push press\n                    exercise. Results support the existence of a strong relationship between\n                    strength level and total repetitions in both AMRAPs. In addition, differences in\n                    total repetitions and rate of perceived exertion between strength groups are\n                    discarded when AMRAP intensity is individualized while physiological demand and\n                    jump ability are maintained. Thus, the higher-strength participants may benefit\n                    from similar responses with a lower number of repetitions. Therefore, CrossFit\n                    trainers should be encouraged to prescribe strength tasks based on the\n                    percentage of 1RM for every training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2204-2953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T23:46:32Z","timestamp":1702943192000},"page":"301-308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Standardized vs. Relative Intensity in CrossFit"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Oliver-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Research Center, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche,\n                    Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1598-5212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Garc\u00eda-Valverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Isabel I of Castile International\n                    University, Burgos, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Sabido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Research Center, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche,\n                    Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1080\/24748668.2015.11868832","article-title":"Analysis of physiological determinants during a single bout of crossfit","volume":"15","author":"B S Shaw","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Perform Anal Sport"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.14198\/jhse.2017.124.11","article-title":"Metabolic profile of a crossfit training bout","volume":"12","author":"K A Escobar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Human Sport Exerc"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17103699","article-title":"Physiological predictors of competition performance in crossfit athletes","volume":"17","author":"R Mart\u00ednez-G\u00f3mez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213f880","article-title":"Velocity loss as an indicator of neuromuscular fatigue during resistance\n                    training","volume":"43","author":"L S\u00e1nchez-Medina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000121945.36635.61","article-title":"Fundamentals of Resistance Training: Progression and Exercise Prescription","volume":"36","author":"W J Kraemer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00677","article-title":"Effectiveness of an individualized training based on force-velocity profiling\n                    during jumping","volume":"7","author":"P Jim\u00e9nez-Reyes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.5604\/20831862.1174771","article-title":"Herthe relationship of aerobic capacity, anaerobic peak power and experience to\n                    performance in CrossFit exercise","volume":"32","author":"D Bellar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Sport"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3390\/sports8070102","article-title":"Predictors of CrossFit Open Performance","volume":"8","author":"G T Mangine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports (Basel)"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1519\/SSC.0000000000000275","article-title":"Enhancing the force-velocity profile of athletes using weightlifting\n                    derivatives","volume":"39","author":"T J Suchomel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Strength Cond J"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181876a78","article-title":"Comparison between different off-season resistance training programs in Division\n                    III American college football players","volume":"23","author":"J R Hoffman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0355-2","article-title":"Short-term Periodization Models: Effects on Strength and Speed-strength\n                    Performance","volume":"45","author":"H Hartmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417769","article-title":"EMG, muscle fibre and force production characteristics during a 1-year training\n                    period in elite weight-lifters","volume":"56","author":"K H\u00e4kkinen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0074","article-title":"Effects of Individualized Versus Traditional Power Training on Strength, Power,\n                    Jump Performances, and Body Composition in Young Male Nordic Athletes","volume":"17","author":"O Prieske","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-018-0124-5","article-title":"CrossFit Overview: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"J G Claudino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med Open"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001883","article-title":"The Influence of Resistance Training Experience on the Between-Day Reliability\n                    of Commonly Used Strength Measures in Male Youth Athletes","volume":"31","author":"J J Weakley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"53","article-title":"Retrospective Injury Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Injury in CrossFit","volume":"16","author":"A M Montalvo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2020.1864675","article-title":"Injury in CrossFit: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology and Risk Factors","volume":"50","author":"M \u00c1ngel Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys Sports Med"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"36","article-title":"Extreme Conditioning Programs and Injury Risk in a US Army Brigade Combat\n                    Team","volume":"Oct\u2013Dez","author":"T Grier","year":"2013","journal-title":"US Army Med Dep J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2019-0582","article-title":"Comparison of 1-repetition-maximum performance across 3 weightlifting overhead\n                    pressing exercises and sport groups","volume":"15","author":"M A Soriano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Essentials of strength training and conditioning. 4th edition","author":"G Haff","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"Chinese Weightlifting Method: Technical mastery and training","author":"M Buitrago","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000438","article-title":"Power and impulse applied during push press exercise","volume":"28","author":"J P Lake","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3159","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318289e59f","article-title":"Crossfit-based high-intensity power training improves maximal aerobic fitness\n                    and body composition","volume":"27","author":"M M Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1815","article-title":"Psychophysical scaling with applications in physical work and the perception of\n                    exertion","volume":"16","author":"G Borg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-010-1379-9","article-title":"Evaluation of three portable blood lactate analysers: Lactate Pro, Lactate Scout\n                    and Lactate Plus","volume":"109","author":"R K Tanner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01054-8","article-title":"Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited","volume":"37","author":"H Tanaka","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"411","article-title":"A scale of magnitudes for effect statistics","volume":"502","author":"W G Hopkins","year":"2002","journal-title":"A new view of statistics"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3102\/10769986006002107","article-title":"Distribution Theory for Glass\u2019s Estimator of Effect size and Related\n                    Estimators","volume":"6","author":"L V Hedges","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Educ Behav Stats"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.81.5.426","article-title":"Effect of an individualised training programme during weight reduction on body\n                    composition: A randomised trial","volume":"81","author":"J Schwingshandl","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2017.1346269","article-title":"Individualised training at different intensities, in untrained participants,\n                    results in similar physiological and performance benefits","volume":"36","author":"S L Coakley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3233\/IES-192196","article-title":"Effects of individualised training programmes based on the force-velocity\n                    imbalance on physical performance in rugby players","volume":"28","author":"S Zabaloy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Isokinet Exerc Sci"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.47197\/retos.v46.93442","article-title":"Summary of the evidence on responses and adaptations derived from CrossFit\n                    training. A systematic review","volume":"46","author":"A Oliver-Lopez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Retos"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"3","article-title":"Relative Intensity of Two Types of Crossfit Exercise: Acute Circuit and\n                    High-Intensity Interval Exercise","volume":"4","author":"S J Butcher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Fitness Research"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"668","article-title":"Cardiometabolic and muscular fatigue responses to different crossfit\n                    workouts","volume":"17","author":"J L Mat\u00e9-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3390\/sports6030068","article-title":"Validity of Session Rating Perceived Exertion Method for Quantifying Internal\n                    Training Load during High-Intensity Functional Training","volume":"6","author":"R A Tibana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"604","article-title":"Perceived demands and postexercise physical dysfunction in CrossFit compared to\n                    an ACSM based training session","volume":"57","author":"S N Drum","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2019.85458","article-title":"48-hour recovery of biochemical parameters and physical performance after two\n                    modalities of CrossFit workouts","volume":"36","author":"R Tim\u00f3n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Sport"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1590\/1517-8692202228042021_0036","article-title":"TRAINING LOAD THROUGH HEART RATE AND PERCEIVED EXERTION DURING CROSSFIT","volume":"28","author":"M R Dias","year":"2022","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"165","article-title":"Neuromuscular and autonomic responses during a crossfit competition: A case\n                    study","volume":"26","author":"N M Maia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Sport Sci"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"311","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da for\u00e7a, pot\u00eancia e temperatura\n                    corporal em uma sess\u00e3o de crossfit Assessment of body strength, power\n                    and temperature in a crossfit session","volume":"14","author":"T Prado Dantas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Edi\u00e7\u00f5es Desafio Singular"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3474","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001843","article-title":"Self-reported Measures of Strength and Sport-Specific Skills Distinguish Ranking\n                    in an International Online Fitness Competition","volume":"32","author":"P R Serafini","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"1388","article-title":"Time Course of Recovery Following CrossFit Karen Benchmark Workout in Trained\n                    Men","volume":"13","author":"I V de Sousa Neto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"Vertical jump height as an indicator of lower-extremity muscular fatigue in\n                    recreational Crossfit athletes","author":"B Jordan","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1493","article-title":"Sensitivity of operational tests to training load in Crossfit","volume":"22","author":"T F Conde","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Phys Educ Sport"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00260","article-title":"Two Consecutive Days of Extreme Conditioning Program Training Affects Pro and\n                    Anti-inflammatory Cytokines and Osteoprotegerin without Impairments in Muscle\n                    Power","volume":"7","author":"R A Tibana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"114","article-title":"Acute physiological responses during crossfit workouts","volume":"35","author":"J Fern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Motricidad - Eur J Human Movement"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2016.1222852","article-title":"Attentive processes, blood lactate and CrossFit","volume":"44","author":"V Perciavalle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s42978-022-00169-x","article-title":"Comparison of Cardiovascular Parameters and Internal Training Load of Different\n                    1-h Training Sessions in Non-elite CrossFit Athletes","volume":"5","author":"N Meier","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Sci Sport Exerc"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2204-2953.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T16:35:25Z","timestamp":1730824525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2204-2953"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2204-2953","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-4622","1439-3964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-4622","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]}}}