{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:59:28Z","timestamp":1789754368051,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Deep-plane or composite flap facelift techniques allow deep structural rejuvenation of the face by release of retaining ligaments in the subsuperficial musculoaponeurotic system (sub-SMAS) plane with elevation and fixation of the SMAS\/platysma\/skin flap as a single, \u201cen bloc\u201d unit. This means that in the cases with mild to moderate skin laxity, the preauricular incision serves the purpose of access only. The author therefore developed an endoscopic-assisted, en bloc composite flap face and neck lift without a preauricular incision. The technique uses the prezygomatic and premasseteric (facial) and subplatysmal (neck) spaces as ideal optical cavities for endoscopic dissection and ligament release. Verticalization of fixation vectors and modified concho-mastoid traction sutures are used to minimize preauricular skin redundancy. The surgical procedure is described in detail. Clinical experience in 41 consecutive cases and comparison to other techniques with respect to relevant anatomy are also presented. This endoscopic en bloc composite flap facelift technique consistently and safely produced results comparable to conventional, \u201copen\u201d composite flap facelifts done by the same surgeon on similar candidates during a prior period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2204-8798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T19:49:57Z","timestamp":1699300197000},"page":"43-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Endoscopic, \u201cScarless\u201d Composite Flap Face and Neck Lift"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Mani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Beverly Hills, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Plastic Surgeries: New Methods and Refinements","author":"T Skoog","year":"1974"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197607000-00013","article-title":"The superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) in the parotid and cheek area","volume":"58","author":"V Mitz","year":"1976","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199207000-00001","article-title":"Composite rhytidectomy","volume":"90","author":"S T Hamra","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002310","article-title":"Building the composite face lift: a personal odyssey","volume":"138","author":"S T Hamra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198304000-00023","article-title":"SMAS-platysma face lift","volume":"71","author":"J Q Owsley Jr","year":"1983","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)30969-X","article-title":"Extended SMAS dissection as an approach to midface rejuvenation","volume":"22","author":"J M Stuzin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/229255031001800101","article-title":"Analysis of the effects of subcutaneous musculoaponeurotic system facial support on the nasolabial crease","volume":"18","author":"M J Sundine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2008.04.002","article-title":"High SMAS facelift: combined single flap lifting of the jawline, cheek, and midface","volume":"35","author":"T J Marten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199809010-00041","article-title":"SMAS rhytidectomy versus deep plane rhytidectomy: an objective comparison","volume":"102","author":"F M Kamer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X11424146","article-title":"The minimal access deep plane extended vertical facelift","volume":"31","author":"A A Jacono","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjv250","article-title":"Total composite flap facelift and the deep-plane transition zone: a critical consideration in SMAS-release midface lifting","volume":"36","author":"M Mani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X14528947","article-title":"Are there differences between the upper and lower parts of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system? A preliminary biomechanical study","volume":"34","author":"X Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1001\/archfacial.2007.16","article-title":"Surgical anatomy of the face: implications for modern face-lift techniques","volume":"10","author":"H G Gassner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1756463","article-title":"Essential surgical anatomy for facelift","volume":"38","author":"S Uppal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjad126","article-title":"Lifting the anterior midcheek and nasolabial fold: introduction to the melo fat pad anatomy and its role in longevity and recurrence","volume":"43","author":"L Minelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjy062","article-title":"Modified composite-flap facelift combined with finger-assisted malar elevation (FAME): a cadaver study","volume":"38","author":"O Cakmak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200105000-00039","article-title":"Surgery of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system: principles of release, vectors, and fixation","volume":"107","author":"B C Mendelson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"25","article-title":"Endoscopic assisted facial rejuvenation: a 35 year personal journey","volume":"7","author":"O M Ramirez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Aesthet Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.11.021","article-title":"Endoscopically assisted limited-incision rhytidectomy: a 10-year prospective study","volume":"63","author":"E R Citarella","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2022.07.008","article-title":"Advanced endoscopic techniques in Asian facial rejuvenation","volume":"50","author":"C C Kao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"sjad321","article-title":"The mastoid crevasse and 3-dimensional considerations in deep plane neck lifting","author":"B Talei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"}],"container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2204-8798.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T18:41:39Z","timestamp":1737398499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2204-8798"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2204-8798","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-6825","1098-8793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-6825","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-8793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]}}}