{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:14:23Z","timestamp":1787004863948,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"S 01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective\u2003Physiologic breast milk production in the first 24\u2009hours is estimated to be between 2 and 10\u2009mL per feed. Many mothers intending to breastfeed use formula supplementation (FS) early on, which can affect successful breastfeeding. Whether the volume and timing of FS introduced in the first 24\u2009hours of life (24 HOL) impacts the rate of \u201cbreastfeeding at discharge\u201d (BFAD) is not well-studied and was investigated herein.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Study Design\u2003Single-center, retrospective, chart review of breastfeeding infants born at \u226535 weeks who received supplementation in the first 24 HOL. Comprehensive demographic data pertaining to maternal and infant characteristics, along with infant feeding data, were collected. Four supplementation characteristics, (timing, rate, volume [mL\/kg per feed], and type [expressed breast milk (EBM) or formula]) were correlated with BFAD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results\u2003Among 3,102 supplemented infants in whom mothers intended to breastfeed, 1,031 (33.2%) infants were BFAD. At baseline, African American, Medicaid-insured, and single mothers had lower odds of BFAD. The overall maximum volume of FS per feed was 11.0\u2009mL\/kg (interquartile range 8.0\u201314.4). With each hour of delay in first supplementation, the odds of BFAD increased by 2.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.022, 0.035). With every 1\u2009mL\/kg increase in the first formula volume, subsequent supplementation frequency increased by 4.5%. A positive association was observed between BFAD and a lower rate of supplementation (cutoff value \u226435.1%). However, among infants with these lower rates of supplementation, each unit increase in maximum FS, from 2 to 15\u2009mL\/kg, decreased the probability of BFAD by 4.2% (3.6\u20134.7%). Additionally, we observed that infants who were given at least one EBM supplementation (n\u2009=\u2009223; 7.2%) had substantially increased rates of BFAD (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20099.8, 95% CI 7.2\u201313.3).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion\u2003Early and higher volumes of FS negatively impacted BFAD. Birthweight-based FS of feeding with physiological volumes may increase breastfeeding rates at discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Key Points<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2217-9174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T18:58:05Z","timestamp":1701111485000},"page":"e3293-e3304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Early and Higher Volumes of Formula Supplementation after Birth Impact Breastfeeding Rates at Discharge in Well-Baby Nursery: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Navin","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics\/Neonatology, Hurley Children's Hospital, Flint, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al-Nahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics\/Neonatology, Hurley Children's Hospital, Flint, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalee","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics\/Neonatology, Hurley Children's Hospital, Flint, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkatesh","family":"Sampath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Breastfeeding the newborn","author":"L M Stellwagen","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Guideline: protecting, promoting and supporting breastfeeding in facilities providing maternity and newborn services","author":"World Health 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