{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:17:02Z","timestamp":1792030622924,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Padiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare immune-mediated disease that primarily\n                    affects the cartilaginous structures of the ears, nose and airways. The clinical\n                    spectrum ranges from mild to severe disease characterized by progressive\n                    destruction of cartilage in the tracheobronchial tree leading to airway\n                    obstruction and acute respiratory failure. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent\n                    irreversible airway damage and life-threatening complications. Due to its rarity\n                    and variability of symptoms, the diagnosis of RP is often delayed particularly\n                    in childhood. To address this and increase awareness of this rare disease, we\n                    present a detailed case report of two adolescent females affected by RP. We aim\n                    to describe the clinical findings, consequences of a delayed diagnosis and\n                    provide a review of the current literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2230-1521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T23:40:36Z","timestamp":1705362036000},"page":"97-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Relapsing Polychondritis with Tracheobronchial Involvement: A\n                    Detailed Description of Two Pediatric Cases and Review of the\n                    Literature"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Greta","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover\n                    Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"L\u00f6ffelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover\n                    Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaakira","family":"Chaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Department of Paediatrics and Child\n                    Health, University of Cape Town, Red Cross War Memorial Children\u2019s\n                    Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover\n                    Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils Kristian","family":"Prenzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover\n                    Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasia","family":"Warnecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover\n                    Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Wetzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover\n                    Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover,\n                    Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School,\n                    Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Derlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Renz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Department of\n                    Paediatric Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Stueber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover\n                    Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"L\u00e4nger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School,\n                    Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2680-3541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Sch\u00fctz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover\n                    Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolaus","family":"Schwerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School,\n                    Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School Centre\n                    for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197906000-00009","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis-report of ten cases","volume":"89","author":"J M Damiani","year":"1979","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197605000-00001","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis: prospective study of 23 patients and a review of the\n                    literature","volume":"55","author":"L P McAdam","year":"1976","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e239774","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-239774","article-title":"Case of paediatric relapsing polychondritis with severe airway involvement: the\n                    challenges of long-term airway and respiratory management","volume":"14","author":"T Kothari","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200201)46:1<238::AID-ART10030>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Identification of type II collagen peptide 261-273-specific T cell clones in a\n                    patient with relapsing polychondritis","volume":"46","author":"J H Buckner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"497","article-title":"Cell-mediated immunity to cartilage proteoglycan in relapsing\n                    polychondritis","volume":"16","author":"D A Rajapakse","year":"1974","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197811302992202","article-title":"Antibodies to type II collagen in relapsing polychondritis","volume":"299","author":"J M Foidart","year":"1978","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1186\/ar425","article-title":"Cartilage-specific autoimmunity in animal models and clinical aspects in\n                    patients \u2013 focus on relapsing polychondritis","volume":"4","author":"A Hansson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Res"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63183-5","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis, induced in mice with matrilin 1, is an antibody- and\n                    complement-dependent disease","volume":"164","author":"A Hansson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200110)44:10<2402::AID-ART405>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"The occurrence of autoantibodies to matrilin 1 reflects a tissue-specific\n                    response to cartilage of the respiratory tract in patients with relapsing\n                    polychondritis","volume":"44","author":"A S Hansson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1218","article-title":"Critical role of the major histocompatibility complex and IL-10 in\n                    matrilin-1-induced relapsing polychondritis in mice","volume":"6","author":"A Hansson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360513","article-title":"Susceptibility to relapsing polychondritis is associated with HLA-DR4","volume":"36","author":"B Lang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-2-199807150-00011","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis","volume":"129","author":"D E Trentham","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2019.1707995","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis in children: A review","volume":"30","author":"J T Alqanatish","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2010.04.004","article-title":"Pulmonary manifestations of relapsing polychondritis","volume":"31","author":"S Rafeq","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1180","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis and airway involvement","volume":"135","author":"A Ernst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2011.12.007","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis in the Department of Defense population and review of\n                    the literature","volume":"42","author":"S D Mathew","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200401000-00011","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis","volume":"16","author":"P D Kent","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1053\/sarh.2002.32586","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis: a clinical review","volume":"31","author":"E Letko","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"2181","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of relapsing polychondritis in the UK: a\n                    population-based cohort study","volume":"54","author":"N Hazra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2005.11.020","article-title":"Otologic manifestations of relapsing polychondritis. Review of literature and\n                    report of nine cases","volume":"33","author":"E Bachor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2422-3","article-title":"Clinical analysis of 15 patients with relapsing auricular polychondritis","volume":"271","author":"H Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-016-0226-0","article-title":"Relapsing Polychondritis: A Review and Guide for the Dermatologist","volume":"18","author":"A Smylie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.02.016","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis: An autoimmune disease with many faces","volume":"9","author":"T Lahmer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.1999.0079","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis","volume":"14","author":"J F Molina","year":"2000","journal-title":"Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.1999.0079","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis","volume":"14","author":"J F Molina","year":"2000","journal-title":"Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-016-3449-8","article-title":"Clinical and prognostic characteristics of 158 cases of relapsing polychondritis\n                    in China and review of the literature","volume":"36","author":"D Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000227886.26747.a9","article-title":"Obliterative microangiopathy presenting as chronic conjunctivitis in a patient\n                    with relapsing polychondritis","volume":"25","author":"E N Yu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(86)33695-9","article-title":"Ocular and systemic findings in relapsing polychondritis","volume":"93","author":"B L Isaak","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2014.01.001","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis","volume":"81","author":"X Puechal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex406","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis: a clinical review for rheumatologists","volume":"57","author":"J Kingdon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.190862","article-title":"Large-vessel Vasculitis Affecting the Aorta and its Branches in Relapsing\n                    Polychondritis: Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature","volume":"47","author":"A Tomelleri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"173","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis, a rare cause of valvulopathy: A review of the medical\n                    literature","volume":"90","author":"E Bahena-Lopez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Cardiol Mex"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-019-04468-5","article-title":"Aortic involvement in relapsing polychondritis: case-based review","volume":"41","author":"M Erdogan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90547-9","article-title":"Mouth and genital ulcers with inflamed cartilage: MAGIC syndrome. Five patients\n                    with features of relapsing polychondritis and Behcet\u2019s disease","volume":"79","author":"G S Firestein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.11.1846","article-title":"Relapsing Polychondritis with Central Nervous System Involvement: Experience of\n                    Three Different Cases in a Single Center","volume":"31","author":"C H Jeon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2401050562","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis: prevalence of expiratory CT airway abnormalities","volume":"240","author":"K S Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2023.05.005","article-title":"French practical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of relapsing\n                    polychondritis","volume":"44","author":"L Arnaud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.09.045","article-title":"Pediatric-onset relapsing polychondritis: case series and systematic review","volume":"156","author":"A Belot","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-104-1-74","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis. Survival and predictive role of early disease\n                    manifestations","volume":"104","author":"CJ J Michet","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-022-02810-0","article-title":"Risk factors for the recurrence of relapsing polychondritis","volume":"24","author":"T Yoshida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/h9gq1o","article-title":"Treatment of relapsing polychondritis: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"A Petitdemange","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(83)90005-7","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis: an autoimmune disease","volume":"13","author":"L Giroux","year":"1983","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197811302992202","article-title":"Antibodies to type II collagen in relapsing polychondritis","volume":"299","author":"J M Foidart","year":"1978","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780331006","article-title":"Specificity of antibodies to type II collagen in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"33","author":"K Terato","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0347(199908)21:5<484::AID-HED16>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"A new role for magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of laryngeal\n                    relapsing polychondritis","volume":"21","author":"Y D Heman-Ackah","year":"1999","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0b013e31823eae56","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis on PET\/CT","volume":"37","author":"H Deng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu147","article-title":"Utility of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography\/computed\n                    tomography for early diagnosis and evaluation of disease activity of relapsing\n                    polychondritis: a case series and literature review","volume":"53","author":"H Yamashita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2004.05.012","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis","volume":"18","author":"P J Gergely","year":"2004","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.056630","article-title":"Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for vasculitis including\n                    Behcet\u2019s disease and polychondritis: a retrospective analysis of\n                    patients recorded in the European Bone Marrow Transplantation and European\n                    League Against Rheumatism databases and a review of the literature","volume":"66","author":"T Daikeler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812927","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.812927","article-title":"Case Report: Lessons Learned From Subsequent Autologous and Allogeneic\n                    Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantations in a Pediatric Patient With Relapsing\n                    Polychondritis","volume":"13","author":"S R Veldkamp","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695505","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.695505","article-title":"Bronchoscopy-Guided Intervention Therapy With Extracorporeal Membrane\n                    Oxygenation Support for Relapsing Polychondritis With Severe\n                    Tracheobronchomalacia: A Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"8","author":"P Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2008.05.012","article-title":"Severe respiratory dysfunction in a patient with relapsing polychondritis:\n                    should we treat the saddle nose deformity?","volume":"62","author":"M D Haug","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000278184.60488.8e","article-title":"Durability of nasal reconstruction in an adolescent with relapsing\n                    polychondritis treated with infliximab","volume":"120","author":"D Bell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39790","article-title":"Relapsing Polychondritis Can Be Characterized by Three Different Clinical\n                    Phenotypes: Analysis of a Recent Series of 142 Patients","volume":"68","author":"J Dion","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Klinische P\u00e4diatrie"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2230-1521.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T12:23:25Z","timestamp":1730809405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2230-1521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2230-1521","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-8630","1439-3824"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-8630","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3824","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]}}}