{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T02:45:09Z","timestamp":1780109109664,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"07","funder":[{"name":"Montreal Heart Institute Foundation and the \u00c9PIC Center Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to highlight the ventilatory and circulatory determinants of\n                    changes in \u02d9VO2peak after exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (ECR)\n                    in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Eighty-two CHD patients\n                    performed, before and after a 3-month ECR, a cardiopulmonary exercise testing\n                    (CPET) on a bike with gas exchanges measurements (\u02d9VO2peak, minute\n                    ventilation, i.\u2009e., \u02d9VE), and cardiac output (Q\u02d9c). The arteriovenous difference\n                    in O2 (C(a-v\u00af)O2) and the alveolar capillary gradient in\n                        O2 (PAi-aO2) were calculated using Fick\u2019s laws. Oxygen\n                    uptake efficiency slope (OUES) was calculated. A 5.0% cut off was applied for\n                    differentiating non- (NR: \u02d9VO2&lt;0.0%), low (LR: 0.0\u2264\n                        \u2206\u02d9VO2&lt;5.0%), moderate (MR: 5.0\u2264\u2206\u02d9VO2\u2009&lt;\u200910.0%),\n                    and high responders (HR: \u2206\u02d9VO2\u226510.0%) to ECR. A total of 44% of\n                    patients were HR (n=36), 20% MR (n=16), 23% LR (n=19), and 13% NR (n=11). For\n                    HR, the \u02d9VO2peak increase (p&lt;0.01) was associated with increases\n                    in \u02d9VE (+12.8\u00b113.0\u2009L\/min, p&lt;0.01), \n                    (+1.0\u00b10.9\u2009L\/min, p&lt;0.01), and C(a-v\u00af)O2\n                    (+2.3\u00b12.5\u2009mLO2\/100\u2009mL, p&lt;0.01). MR patients were characterized\n                    by+6.7\u00b119.7\u2009L\/min increase in \u02d9VE (p=0.04) and+0.7\u00b11.0\u2009L\/min of Q\u02d9c (p&lt;0.01). ECR induced decreases in\n                    \u02d9VE (p=0.04) and C(a-v\u00af)O2 (p&lt;0.01) and a Q\u02d9c increase in LR and NR patients\n                    (p&lt;0.01). Peripheral and ventilatory responses more than central adaptations\n                    could be responsible for the \u02d9VO2peak change with ECR in CHD\n                    patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2253-1807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:20:47Z","timestamp":1706142047000},"page":"532-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Determinants of V\u0307+O2peak Changes After Aerobic Training\n                    in Coronary Heart Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Axel","family":"Girault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (\u00c9PIC), Montreal Heart\n                    Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"Unit Research Physiological Adaptations to Exercise and Physical\n                    Rehabilitation, Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Marie","family":"Lepr\u00eatre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit Research Physiological Adaptations to Exercise and Physical\n                    Rehabilitation, Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France"},{"name":"Unit of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Hospital Center of Corbie, Corbie,\n                    France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas-Daniel","family":"Trachsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic for Cardiology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern,\n                    Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Besnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (\u00c9PIC), Montreal Heart\n                    Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al,\n                    Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Boidin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan\n                    University, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern\n                    Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Lalong\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (\u00c9PIC), Montreal Heart\n                    Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Juneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (\u00c9PIC), Montreal Heart\n                    Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al,\n                    Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Bherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (\u00c9PIC), Montreal Heart\n                    Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al,\n                    Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Nigam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (\u00c9PIC), Montreal Heart\n                    Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al,\n                    Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Gayda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive medicine and physical activity Center (\u00c9PIC), Montreal Heart\n                    Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al,\n                    Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.044","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease: Cochrane\n                    systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"L Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.681","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and\n                    cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis","volume":"301","author":"S Kodama","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319887835","article-title":"Improvement in VO(2peak) predicts readmissions for cardiovascular disease and\n                    mortality in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"27","author":"N Mikkelsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2020-0650","article-title":"Women and men with coronary heart disease respond similarly to different aerobic\n                    exercise training modalities: a pooled analysis of prospective randomized\n                    trials","volume":"46","author":"L D Trachsel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcy018","article-title":"Cardiac rehabilitation fitness changes and subsequent survival","volume":"4","author":"A De Schutter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0000000000001842","article-title":"Incidence of V\u02d9O2max responders to personalized versus standardized exercise\n                    prescription","volume":"51","author":"R M Weatherwax","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.02.004","article-title":"Responses to exercise training in patients with heart failure","volume":"330","author":"A Legendre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Analysis by oxygen transport steps. Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2015.2267","article-title":"VE\/VCO(2) slope and its prognostic value in patients with chronic heart\n                    failure","volume":"9","author":"Y Shen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.94.7.1567","article-title":"Circulatory status and response to cardiac rehabilitation in patients with heart\n                    failure","volume":"94","author":"J R Wilson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000238400.35094.72","article-title":"VE\/VCO2 slope and oxygen uptake efficiency slope in patients with coronary\n                    artery disease and intermediate peakVO2","volume":"13","author":"N R Van de Veire","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487315569410","article-title":"Prognostic value of the oxygen uptake efficiency slope and other exercise\n                    variables in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"23","author":"E Coeckelberghs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2012.09.005","article-title":"[Pulmonary and alveolar ventilation, gas exchanges and arterial blood gases\n                    during ramp exercise]","volume":"29","author":"F P\u00e9ronnet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Mal Respir"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000209812.05573.04","article-title":"Statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing in chronic heart failure due to\n                    left ventricular dysfunction: recommendations for performance and\n                    interpretation. Part I: definition of cardiopulmonary exercise testing\n                    parameters for appropriate use in chronic heart failure","volume":"13","author":"M F Piepoli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rec.2019.09.013","article-title":"Moderate-intensity continuous exercise is superior to high-intensity interval\n                    training in the proportion of VO(2peak) responders after ACS","volume":"73","author":"L D Trachsel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319828478","article-title":"Predictors of response to exercise training in patients with coronary artery\n                    disease \u2013 a subanalysis of the SAINTEX-CAD study","volume":"26","author":"I Witvrouwen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23277","article-title":"The impact of high-intensity interval training on ventricular remodeling in\n                    patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction \u2013 A randomized training\n                    intervention pilot study","volume":"42","author":"L D Trachsel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0183791","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183791","article-title":"Cognitive function in patients with stable coronary heart disease: Related\n                    cerebrovascular and cardiovascular responses","volume":"12","author":"M Gayda","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097x.1982.tb00013.x","article-title":"Influence of mixed venous PO2 on diffusion of O2 across the pulmonary blood:gas\n                    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pretense","volume":"16","author":"C E Cook","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Man Manip Ther"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/8.suppl_g.9","article-title":"Mechanisms responsible for enhanced stroke volume after exercise training in\n                    coronary heart disease","volume":"8","author":"A A Ehsani","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4083","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10184083","article-title":"Mechanisms of exercise capacity improvement after cardiac rehabilitation\n                    following myocardial infarction assessed with combined stress echocardiography\n                    and cardiopulmonary exercise testing","volume":"10","author":"K Smarz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-2624","article-title":"Reproducibility of peak oxygen uptake and other cardiopulmonary exercise\n                    parameters: implications for clinical trials and clinical practice","volume":"138","author":"S J Keteyian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2012(06)13","article-title":"Effect of continuous and interval exercise training on the PETCO2 response\n                    during a graded exercise test in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"67","author":"E A Rocco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2014.06.004","article-title":"Effect of physical training on ventilatory patterns during exercise in patients\n                    with heart disease","volume":"65","author":"T Taguchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(96)00412-3","article-title":"Oxygen uptake efficiency slope: a new index of cardiorespiratory functional\n                    reserve derived from the relation between oxygen uptake and minute ventilation\n                    during incremental exercise","volume":"28","author":"R Baba","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1097\/hcr.0000000000000566","article-title":"The V\u02d9E\/V\u02d9co2 slope during maximal treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise testing:\n                    Reference standards from FRIEND (Fitness Registry and the Importance Of\n                    Exercise: A national database)","volume":"41","author":"R Arena","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.74.1.27","article-title":"Perfusion\/ventilation mismatch during exercise in chronic heart failure: an\n                    investigation of circulatory determinants","volume":"74","author":"A P Banning","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.2170\/jjphysiol.52.489","article-title":"VE response to VCO2 during exercise is unaffected by exercise training and\n                    different exercise limbs","volume":"52","author":"M Itoh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jpn J Physiol"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Equation des gaz alv\u00e9olaires et diff\u00e9rence alv\u00e9oloart\u00e9rielle en oxygen","volume":"5","author":"B Le Huu Thien","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Func Vent 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Cardiol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00810523","article-title":"Impaired matching of perfusion and ventilation in heart failure detected by\n                    133xenon","volume":"91","author":"N P Lewis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.4_Pt_1.867","article-title":"Arteriovenous differences in PCO2 and pH are good indicators of critical\n                    hypoperfusion","volume":"148","author":"H Zhang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2012.11.010","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary and noninvasive hemodynamic responses to exercise predict\n                    outcomes in heart failure","volume":"19","author":"J Myers","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jey172","article-title":"Echo-derived peak cardiac power output-to-left ventricular mass with\n                    cardiopulmonary exercise testing predicts outcome in patients with heart failure\n                    and depressed systolic function","volume":"20","author":"N R Pugliese","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11901","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-3136","article-title":"Effect of cardiac rehabilitation training on patients with coronary heart\n                    disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"J Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201713","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/201713","article-title":"The impacts of cardiac rehabilitation program on echocardiographic parameters in\n                    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Views"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.11.014","article-title":"Cardiac power output predicts mortality across a broad spectrum of patients with\n                    acute cardiac disease","volume":"153","author":"D D Mendoza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e31826fb946","article-title":"EACPR\/AHA Scientific Statement. Clinical recommendations for cardiopulmonary\n                    exercise testing data assessment in specific patient populations","volume":"126","author":"M Guazzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-016-3326-x","article-title":"Aerobic training enhances muscle deoxygenation in early post-myocardial\n                    infarction","volume":"116","author":"S Takagi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90430.2008","article-title":"Evaluation of two methods for continuous cardiac output assessment during\n                    exercise in chronic heart failure patients","volume":"105","author":"H M Kemps","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2253-1807.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T13:20:51Z","timestamp":1730812851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2253-1807"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"07","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2253-1807","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-4622","1439-3964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-4622","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]}}}