{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T11:05:14Z","timestamp":1783681514750,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"08","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Objective\u2003To evaluate the association between sonographic features of placenta previa and vaginal bleeding (VB).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Study Design\u2003Retrospective cohort study of women with placenta previa identified on ultrasound between 160\/7 and 276\/7 weeks gestation. Placental distance past the cervical os (DPO), placental thickness, edge angle, and cervical length (CL) were measured. The primary outcome was any VB and the secondary outcome was VB requiring delivery. Median values of the sonographic features were compared for each of the outcomes using the Mann\u2013Whitney U test. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the predictive value of sonographic variables markers and to determine optimal cut points for each measurement. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between each measure and the outcomes while controlling for confounders.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2003Of 149 women with placenta previa, 37% had VB and 15% had VB requiring delivery. Women with VB requiring delivery had significantly more episodes of VB than those who did not require delivery for VB (1.5, interquartile range [IQR] [1\u20133] vs 1.0 [1\u20135]; p\u2009=\u20090.001). In univariate analysis, women with VB had decreased CL (3.9 vs. 4.2\u2009cm; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) compared with those without. Women with VB requiring delivery had increased DPO (2.6\u2009cm IQR [1.7\u20133.3] vs. 1.5\u2009cm [1.1\u20132.4], p\u2009=\u20090.01) compared with those without. After adjusting for confounders, only CL\u2009&lt;\u20094\u2009cm remained independently associated with increased risk of VB (adjusted odds ratio: 2.27, 95% confidence interval [1.12\u20134.58], p\u2009=\u20090.01). None of the measures were predictive of either outcome (area under the curve\u2009&lt;\u20090.65).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003Decreased CL may be associated with risk of VB in placenta previa.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2257-3106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T00:04:51Z","timestamp":1706659491000},"page":"961-968","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sonographic Predictors of Antepartum Bleeding in Placenta Previa"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4185-6414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devin D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Modesto, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adebayo A.","family":"Adesomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8537-4305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica M.","family":"Gonzalez-Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Shellhaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4076-469X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maged M.","family":"Costanstine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9244-0745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather A.","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.06.009","article-title":"Placenta previa: distance to internal os and mode of delivery","volume":"201","author":"P Vergani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14554","article-title":"Resolution of a low-lying placenta and placenta previa diagnosed at the midtrimester anatomy scan","volume":"37","author":"J K Durst","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1280853","article-title":"Placenta previa in the second trimester: sonographic and clinical factors associated with its resolution","volume":"28","author":"K Y Eichelberger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2017.04.012","article-title":"Placenta associated pregnancy complications in pregnancies complicated with placenta previa","volume":"56","author":"Y Baumfeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.10.019","article-title":"Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) Consult Series #44: management of bleeding in the late preterm period","volume":"218","author":"C Gyamfi-Bannerman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6426","article-title":"Predisposing factors for massive hemorrhage during cesarean section in patients with placenta previa","volume":"34","author":"J Hasegawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"23","volume-title":"Gabbe's Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 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