{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:32:03Z","timestamp":1787509923643,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"07","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study aims to evaluate clinical predictors of menstrual cycle disorders in\n                    female athletes who compete in running disciplines. This is a prospective\n                    observational study. Women were recruited between January and May 2022.\n                    Fifty-three patients were enrolled and completed a questionnaire about menstrual\n                    cycle, physical activity, and food habit characteristics. Of the women in our\n                    population, 39.6% had menstrual irregularities and reported a significantly\n                    higher number of kilometers run per week (67 vs. 35, p:0.02). The number of\n                    kilometers run per week was associated with menstrual irregularities (for 10\u2009km,\n                    OR 1.35; IC95% 1.05\u20131.73; p: 0.02) after adjusting for BMI, age, level of sport\n                    and caloric intake. The variable of \u201ckm run per week\u201d appeared as a diagnostic\n                    indicator of irregular menstrual cycle with statistical significance (AUC ROC\n                    curve 0.71, IC95% 0.54\u20130.86, p-value=0.01) and the cut-off of 65\u2009km run per week\n                    is a good indicator of the presence of irregular menstrual cycle (sensitivity\n                    (SE) and specificity (SP) of 55% and 81.48%). Menstrual cycle disorders are very\n                    frequent in female athletes, and the variable of km run per week may play a role\n                    in screening endurance athletes at high risk for these disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2278-3253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T19:36:30Z","timestamp":1709148990000},"page":"543-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association between Physical Activity and Menstrual Cycle Disorders\n                    in Young Athletes"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Passoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UO Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza,\n                    Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7532-3267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Inzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"De Ponti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei\n                    Tintori, Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Polizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UO Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza,\n                    Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Ceccherelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9795-5246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Fantauzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Procaccianti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cattoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza,\n                    Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Riva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Mental Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS San\n                    Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Righetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei\n                    Tintori, Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Landoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"},{"name":"UO Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza,\n                    Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Fruscio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca,\n                    Milano, Italy"},{"name":"UO Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza,\n                    Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.681","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause 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Quantity and quality of\n                    exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and\n                    neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing\n                    exercise","volume":"43","author":"C E Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199307000-00003","article-title":"The female athlete triad: Disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis","volume":"25","author":"K K Yeager","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1867","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine position stand. The female athlete\n                    triad","volume":"39","author":"A Nattiv","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098958","article-title":"Low energy availability surrogates correlate with health and performance\n                    consequences of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport","volume":"53","author":"K E Ackerman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093502","article-title":"The IOC consensus statement: beyond the Female Athlete Triad--Relative Energy\n                    Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)","volume":"48","author":"M Mountjoy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1700003","article-title":"The effects of intense exercise on the female reproductive system","volume":"170","author":"M P Warren","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020369","article-title":"Luteinizing hormone pulsatility is disrupted at a threshold of energy\n                    availability in regularly menstruating women","volume":"88","author":"A B Loucks","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E29","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00386.2013","article-title":"Magnitude of daily energy deficit predicts frequency but not severity of\n                    menstrual disturbances associated with exercise and caloric restriction","volume":"308","author":"N I Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000574","article-title":"Fractures in Relation to Menstrual Status and Bone Parameters in Young\n                    Athletes","volume":"47","author":"K E Ackerman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3182910e11","article-title":"Effect of high dietary restraint on energy availability and menstrual\n                    status","volume":"45","author":"J C Gibbs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181822ea0","article-title":"Prevalence of and traits associated with low BMD among female adolescent\n                    runners","volume":"40","author":"M T Barrack","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1515\/IJAMH.2009.21.4.555","article-title":"Menstrual function in female high school cross-country athletes","volume":"21","author":"T M Austin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Adolesc Med Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515572142","article-title":"Identifying sex-specific risk factors for low bone mineral density in adolescent\n                    runners","volume":"43","author":"A S Tenforde","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2012.11.004","article-title":"The Quality of Life of Adolescents with Menstrual Problems","volume":"26","author":"A G Nur Azurah","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800424","article-title":"Women\u2019s reproductive health: The role of body mass index in early and adult\n                    life","volume":"21","author":"J K Lake","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord J Int Assoc Study Obes"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod44.6.945","article-title":"The energetic regulation of ovulation: A realistic role for body fat","volume":"44","author":"F H Bronson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13838","article-title":"Menstrual dysfunction and body weight dissatisfaction among Finnish young\n                    athletes and non-athletes","volume":"31","author":"S Ravi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sport"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"16","article-title":"The relation between athletic sports and prevalence of amenorrhea and\n                    oligomenorrhea in Iranian female athletes","volume":"1","author":"H Dadgostar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Ther Technol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895588","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2022.895588","article-title":"Prevalence of amenorrhea in elite female competitive climbers","volume":"4","author":"L Joubert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Sport Act living"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3436","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103436","article-title":"Relationship among Nutritional Intake, Anxiety, and Menstrual Irregularity in\n                    Elite Rowers","volume":"13","author":"M Miyamoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-47.1.74","article-title":"Menstrual irregularity and musculoskeletal injury in female high school\n                    athletes","volume":"47","author":"J M Thein-Nissenbaum","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093218","article-title":"2014 Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement on Treatment and Return\n                    to Play of the Female Athlete Triad: 1st International Conference held in San\n                    Francisco, California, May 2012 and 2nd International Conference held in\n                    Indianapolis, Indiana","volume":"48","author":"M J De Souza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2007.00657.x","article-title":"Prevalence of eating disorders and the predictive power of risk models in female\n                    elite athletes: A controlled study","volume":"18","author":"M K Torstveit","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001623","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001623","article-title":"Symptoms of eating disorders and low energy availability in recreational active\n                    female runners","volume":"19","author":"E Karlsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2021-0011","article-title":"Disordered Eating, Development of Menstrual Irregularity, and Reduced Bone Mass\n                    Change After a 3-Year Follow-Up In Female Adolescent Endurance Runners","volume":"31","author":"M T Barrack","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2022.869594","article-title":"Risk of Low Energy Availability, Disordered Eating, Exercise Addiction, and Food\n                    Intolerances in Female Endurance Athletes","volume":"4","author":"I L Fahrenholtz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Sport Act Living"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2278-3253.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T08:20:58Z","timestamp":1730794858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2278-3253"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"07","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2278-3253","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-4622","1439-3964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-4622","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]}}}