{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T19:33:06Z","timestamp":1740166386154,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Spontaneous recovery of a birth brachial plexus disorder is difficult to predict. Although root avulsion and total plexus injury is indicated for surgical management, early nerve surgery is still doubtful. Hand motion is obviously an important indicator for predicting the function of an affected limb. However, the timing for diagnosing a transient or true total plexus injury from hand recovery is controversial. This study aimed to report the recovery time of total birth brachial plexus palsy in patients who did not undergo surgery due to various reasons.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003In this 15-year retrospective chart review, 45 patients of total birth brachial plexus injury with a mean follow-up time of 34.5 months, were included. Although patients met surgical indications, surgical management was abandoned for a variety of reasons. Imaging was not performed routinely and, nerve conduction study and Horner's syndrome were not consistently recorded in the past. All patients were evaluated for clinical improvement by motor power grading. The recovery time was reported as the median and interquartile range.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Forty-five patients were diagnosed with total birth brachial plexus injury. Out of 45 patients, 36 showed clinical evidence of recovering their hand motion within a median of 3 months. The median time for the recovery of elbow flexion and shoulder abduction was 4 months. The median for achieving antigravity or full motion recovery of elbow flexion, shoulder abduction, and hand flexion were 10, 10.5, and 7 months, respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003In this study, spontaneous recovery of shoulder, elbow and hand motion substantially occurred in the patient diagnosed with a total birth brachial plexus palsy. True total plexus palsy can be distinguished from transient palsy by the recovery of hand motion at 3 months. Most of the patients, who had spontaneous recovery, potentially achieved antigravity or full hand movement without surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2321-0468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T23:12:02Z","timestamp":1715123522000},"page":"568-574","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recovery of the Total Birth Brachial Plexus Palsy without Surgical Treatment: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6422-5095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaiyos","family":"Vinitpairot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Hand and Reconstructive Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3554-4158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surut","family":"Jianmongkol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Hand and Reconstructive Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340802415648","article-title":"Obstetric brachial plexus palsy: a birth injury not explained by the known risk factors","volume":"87","author":"B Backe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F185","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.88.3.F185","article-title":"Congenital brachial palsy: incidence, causes, and outcome in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland","volume":"88","author":"G Evans-Jones","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70034-6","article-title":"Brachial plexus palsy associated with cesarean section: an in utero injury?","volume":"177","author":"R B Gherman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2022.02.006","article-title":"Discussions about obstetric brachial plexus injuries","volume":"38","author":"G Giddins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","first-page":"70","article-title":"[Surgical repair of the brachial plexus in obstetric paralysis]","volume":"110","author":"A Gilbert","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chirurgie"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199905000-00006","article-title":"Comparison of the natural history, the outcome of microsurgical repair, and the outcome of operative reconstruction in brachial plexus birth palsy","volume":"81","author":"P M Waters","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200410000-00006","article-title":"Neonatal brachial plexus palsy. 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