{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T14:14:34Z","timestamp":1768486474543,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01\/02","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hintergrund\u2002 B-Zell-gerichtete Therapien sind hochwirksam bei Multipler\n                    Sklerose (MS). Die meisten dieser Therapien sind in langen Intervallen\n                    intraven\u00f6s zu applizieren. Seit 2021 ist aber auch Ofatumumab zur Behandlung der\n                    MS zugelassen, ein Anti-CD20-Antik\u00f6rper, der aufgrund hoher Affinit\u00e4t zur\n                    Zielstruktur niedrig dosiert und monatlich subkutan verabreicht wird.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methoden\u2002 Es wird eine \u00dcbersicht \u00fcber aktuelle praxisrelevante\n                    immunologische und klinische Daten zu Ofatumumab gegeben.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Ergebnisse\u2002 Die hohe Affinit\u00e4t von Ofatumumab zur Zielstruktur erlaubt\n                    eine niedrige Dosierung in kleinem Volumen, wobei das Freisetzungs- und\n                    Resorptionsverhalten nach subkutaner Applikation hohe Konzentrationen in den\n                    Lymphknoten und eine graduelle B-Zell-Depletion erm\u00f6glicht. Ein schneller\n                    Wirkeintritt ist ebenso gegeben wie eine B-Zell-Repletion innerhalb weniger\n                    Monate bei Therapieabbruch. Langzeitdaten zeigen \u00fcber bis zu vier Jahre stabile\n                    IgG-Spiegel und eine nachhaltig hohe Wirksamkeit hinsichtlich Schubrate,\n                    Progression und Kognition, wobei der Vorteil gegen\u00fcber Teriflunomid in den\n                    klinischen Studien gr\u00f6\u00dfer war, je fr\u00fcher die Therapie begonnen wurde. Ofatumumab\n                    zeigt ein spezifisches B-Zell-Depletionsmuster. CD20-exprimierende\n                    B-Zell-Vorl\u00e4uferzellen im Knochenmark bleiben erhalten und damit auch die\n                    Induzierbarkeit und Ausdifferenzierung von Plasmazellen. Die Ausbildung eines\n                    humoralen immunologischen Ged\u00e4chtnisses ist daher m\u00f6glich.\n                    Vierjahres-Studiendaten zeigten keine Auff\u00e4lligkeiten in der Rate schwerer\n                    Infektionen oder maligner Erkrankungen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Schlussfolgerung\u2002 Ofatumumab ist eine innovative B-Zell-gerichtete\n                    Therapie. Es ist hochwirksam bei guter Sicherheit und Vertr\u00e4glichkeit und gut\n                    steuerbar bei erhaltener Immunkompetenz gegen\u00fcber Pathogenen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2365-0966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T18:58:05Z","timestamp":1724093885000},"page":"41-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ofatumumab in der Behandlung der Multiplen Sklerose \u2013 Eine \u00dcbersicht\n                    der pr\u00e4klinischen und klinischen Daten"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Juliane","family":"Klehmet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Neurologie, Zentrum f\u00fcr Multiple Sklerose,\n                    J\u00fcdisches Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Bopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Immunologie, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin der\n                    Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz, Mainz, Germany"},{"name":"Forschungszentrum f\u00fcr Immuntherapie (FZI),\n                    Universit\u00e4tsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz, Mainz,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2017.08.013","article-title":"Immunomodulation in multiple sclerosis: promises and pitfalls","volume":"49","author":"C A Dendrou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1627744","article-title":"Mikroglia im Kontext der Multiplen Sklerose","volume":"33","author":"S Faissner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nervenheilkunde"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30067-3","article-title":"Timing of high-efficacy therapy for multiple sclerosis: a retrospective\n                    observational cohort study","volume":"19","author":"A He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1601277","article-title":"Ocrelizumab versus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"376","author":"S L Hauser","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706383","article-title":"B-cell depletion with rituximab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"358","author":"S L Hauser","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1805","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000005516","article-title":"Subcutaneous ofatumumab in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis:\n                    The MIRROR study","volume":"90","author":"A Bar-Or","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.114.059238","article-title":"Subcutaneous absorption of biotherapeutics: knowns and unknowns","volume":"42","author":"W F Richter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.08.001","article-title":"Subcutaneous delivery of monoclonal antibodies: How do we get there?","volume":"286","author":"M Viola","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01468720","article-title":"Number and distribution of lymphocytes in man. 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