{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T09:35:39Z","timestamp":1770716139199,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nuklearmedizin"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n            Purpose This study aims to establish a normal range for the thyroid uptake derived from 99mTc pertechnetate scans. In particular, variations of uptake with TSH stimulation and other factors such as urinary iodine concentration are taken into account and compared with the calculation of a raw uptake value.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Methods Clinical multicentric (center A, B and C) prospective study on 125 consecutive healthy patients undergoing thyroid scans for thyroid nodules. Normal functional thyroid status was assured by normal TSH, normal thyroid size, no thyroid antibodies and no symptoms of thyroid functional disorders. Calculations of raw Tc-uptake (uptake) and modified uptake values regarding current TSH value (uptakeTSH1), urinary iodine concentration (uptakeTSH1&amp;uic), gland volume, age, smoking status, weight and tissue thickness ventral to the thyroid were performed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results There is a positive correlation of thyroid uptake with TSH allowing for the calculation of a normalized uptake value (uptakeTSH1). The normal range for uptakeTSH1 compares favourable to that for raw uptake in that it yields a clear distinction from thyroid functional disorders. The additional normalization for urinary iodine concentration (uptakeTSH1&amp;uic) may even improve the distinctive power whereas further normalizations such as for gland volume, age and others are not warranted by this study. The 95% CI of uptakeTSH1 for sites A, A&amp;B, and A&amp;B&amp;C were 0.21%\u20132.06%, 0.22%\u20132.38% and 0.24%\u20132.40%.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion A normal range for the thyroid uptake can be established with respect to the current TSH stimulation. This normalization (uptakeTSH1) overcomes the drawback of raw uptake by yielding a clinically useful parameter with obviously high distinctive power against functional thyroid disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2365-7917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T23:11:21Z","timestamp":1722467481000},"page":"337-346","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Thyroid scintigraphy: establishing a clinically useful normal range for 99mTc pertechnetate uptake"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Grunert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone Agnes","family":"Schenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Institut f\u00fcr Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Bayreuth, Germany"},{"name":"Nuklearmedizin, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Sch\u00fctze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Institut f\u00fcr Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Bayreuth, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"F\u00f6rster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Institut f\u00fcr Nuklearmedizin, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Bayreuth, Germany"},{"name":"Medizincampus Oberfranken, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burkhard","family":"Klemenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander R.","family":"Stahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine RIZ, Augsburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2514","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04472-8","article-title":"EANM practice guideline\/SNMMI procedure standard for RAIU and thyroid scintigraphy","volume":"46","author":"L Giovanella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6092","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0728","article-title":"Scintigraphy for risk stratification of iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis in patients receiving contrast agent for coronary angiography: a prospective study of patients with low thyrotropin","volume":"89","author":"E Fricke","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-44-1-49","article-title":"The response of the thyroid gland in normal human subjects to the administration of thyrotropin, as shown by studies with I131","volume":"44","author":"MM Stanley","year":"1949","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)63809-3","article-title":"Evidence for the induction of iodide transport in bovine thyroid cells treated with thyroid-stimulating hormone or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3\u2019,5\u2019-monophosphate","volume":"245","author":"J Knopp","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.120.243170","article-title":"The Role of Nuclear Medicine in the Clinical Management of Benign Thyroid Disorders, Part 1: Hyperthyroidism","volume":"62","author":"G Mariani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2022.104116","article-title":"Thyroid functional and molecular imaging","volume":"51","author":"L Giovanella","year":"2022","journal-title":"La Presse M\u00e9dicale"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/s0001-2998(71)80007-7","article-title":"Technetium-99m pertechnetate uptake and scanning in the evaluation of thyroid function","volume":"1","author":"HL Atkins","year":"1971","journal-title":"Semin Nucl Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1097\/mnm.0000000000000876","article-title":"Assessment of normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate in a single centre UK population","volume":"39","author":"M Macauley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucl Med Commun"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-94-5-1465","article-title":"The actions of iodide and TSH on thyroid cells showing a dual control system for the iodide pump","volume":"94","author":"JR Sherwin","year":"1974","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1150175","article-title":"Physiological aspects of the thyroid trapping function and its suppression in iodine deficiency using 99mTc pertechnetate","volume":"115","author":"M B\u00e4hre","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0229","article-title":"2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis","volume":"26","author":"DS Ross","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1159\/000512970","article-title":"Evidence-Based Use of Levothyroxine\/Liothyronine Combinations in Treating Hypothyroidism: A Consensus Document","volume":"10","author":"J Jonklaas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.117.028753","article-title":"Thyroid Function Within the Normal Range, Subclinical Hypothyroidism, and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"136","author":"C Baumgartner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2017.04.002","article-title":"Biochemical Testing in Thyroid Disorders","volume":"46","author":"NH Esfandiari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-62-5-960","article-title":"Deficient nocturnal surge of thyrotropin in central hypothyroidism","volume":"62","author":"PJ Caron","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2007.0241","article-title":"Variation in thyroid function tests in patients with stable untreated subclinical hypothyroidism","volume":"18","author":"J Karmisholt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14256","article-title":"Subclinical thyroid dysfunction in the first trimester of pregnancy: \u2018Disease\u2019 versus physiological (pulsatile) variation in TSH concentrations","volume":"93","author":"KC Lewandowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719225","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.719225","article-title":"Seasonal Changes of Thyroid Function Parameters in Women of Reproductive Age Between 2012 and 2018: A Retrospective, Observational, Single-Center Study","volume":"12","author":"J Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4467","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13174467","article-title":"Diagnostic Performance of Kwak, EU, ACR, and Korean TIRADS as Well as ATA Guidelines for the Ultrasound Risk Stratification of Non-Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodules in a Region with Long History of Iodine Deficiency: A German Multicenter Trial","volume":"13","author":"P Seifert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2178-6739","article-title":"Correct and Incorrect Recommendations for or against Fine Needle Biopsies of Hypofunctioning Thyroid Nodules: Performance of Different Ultrasound-based Risk Stratification Systems","author":"M Petersen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nuklearmedizin"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2514","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04472-8","article-title":"EANM practice guideline\/SNMMI procedure standard for RAIU and thyroid scintigraphy","volume":"46","author":"L Giovanella","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1779283","article-title":"Standardizing Normal Reference Value for Thyroid Uptake of Technetium-99m Pertechnetate in Nepalese Population","author":"J Paudel","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Journal of Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1625330","article-title":"Decrease of (99m)Tc-uptake in autonomous thyroid tissue in Germany since the 1970s. Clinical implications for radioiodine therapy","volume":"45","author":"M Gotthardt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nuklearmedizin"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1007\/s002590050324","article-title":"Influence of urinary iodine excretion on thyroid technetium-99m pertechnetate uptake with and without TSH suppression: what happens when iodine supply increases?","volume":"25","author":"MJ Reinhardt","year":"1998","journal-title":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602290","article-title":"Effect of lifelong iodine supplementation on thyroid 131-I uptake: a decrease in uptake in euthyroid but not hyperthyroid individuals compared to observations 50 years ago","volume":"60","author":"M Milakovic","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2004.01.006","article-title":"A molecular dissection of the glycoprotein hormone receptors","volume":"29","author":"G Vassart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13044-023-00149-5","article-title":"Age-related variation in thyroid function \u2013 a narrative review highlighting important implications for research and clinical practice","volume":"16","author":"PN Taylor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thyroid Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-39570","article-title":"Reference intervals for thyroid hormones for the elderly population and their influence on the diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism","volume":"42","author":"J Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Biochem"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw132","article-title":"Reference Ranges for Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Free Thyroxine in Older Men: Results From the Health In Men Study","volume":"72","author":"BB Yeap","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(14)70225-6","article-title":"Iodine deficiency and thyroid disorders","volume":"3","author":"MB Zimmermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"13","article-title":"Iodine, Iodine metabolism and Iodine deficiency disorders revisited","volume":"14","author":"F Ahad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14112209","article-title":"The Impact of Iodine Concentration Disorders on Health and Cancer","volume":"14","author":"M Winder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519851624","article-title":"Effects of thyroid hormone and depression on common components of central obesity","volume":"47","author":"FM Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029376","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1029376","article-title":"The pattern of TSH and fT4 levels across different BMI ranges in a large cohort of euthyroid patients with obesity","volume":"13","author":"C Mele","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-0104-9.00001-9","volume-title":"1 \u2013 Radioactivity, Radionuclides, and Radiopharmaceuticals","author":"FA Mettler","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0225435","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225435","article-title":"The association between cigarette smoking and serum thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid peroxidase antibodies and thyroglobulin antibodies levels in Chinese residents: A cross-sectional study in 10 cities","volume":"14","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Nuklearmedizin - NuclearMedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2365-7917.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T23:51:53Z","timestamp":1733269913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2365-7917"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2365-7917","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-5566","2567-6407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-5566","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-6407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]}}}