{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:31:46Z","timestamp":1780587106405,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","funder":[{"name":"the Hunan Provincial Grant for innovative Province Construction","award":["2019SK4012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019SK4012"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82302234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82302234"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Research Grant of CITIC-Xiangya","award":["YNXM-202220,YNXM-202310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YNXM-202220,YNXM-202310"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ultraschall Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To analyze the ultrasound characteristics, clinical management, and pregnancy outcomes of heterotopic intramural pregnancies (HIMPs) after embryo transfer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This was a retrospective observational study of women who were diagnosed with HIMPs. The ultrasound characteristics, clinical treatment, and pregnancy outcomes of patients with HIMPs were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Eight women with HIMPs were included. Among them, 6 patients were diagnosed by transvaginal sonography, and 2 patients were misdiagnosed with heterotopic interstitial pregnancy. The diagnostic accuracy was 75% (6\/8). Five patients with HIMPs were diagnosed at the time of the initial scan (5+6\u20136+3 weeks). An intramural gestational sac was observed in all 6 patients, and an embryo with cardiac activity was detected in one patient on the follow-up scans. Intrauterine pregnancies (IUPs) were revealed in all 6 patients, and embryo(s) with cardiac activity were observed in 5 patients at the time of the initial diagnosis or later. The patients receiving expectant treatment all presented with bagel signs, while patients with embryos with cardiac activity all underwent surgery. Among the 6 diagnosed women, 1 patient was initially treated medically, 4 were treated expectantly, and 1 was treated surgically. Among the 6 diagnosed patients, the IUPs of 5 patients resulted in live infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Single ET should be recommended to decrease the possibility of HIMP. An accurate diagnosis of HIMP was reached in most cases by detailed ultrasound early in the first trimester. Most IUPs of HIMPs seem to have good outcomes with timely and proper management. Expectant management might be a possible choice for nonviable intramural pregnancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2375-0319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T19:25:25Z","timestamp":1724700325000},"page":"51-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Diagnosis and management of heterotopic intramural pregnancy after in vitro fertilization: an eight-case series"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Pei","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Department, Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxiang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Department, Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Department, Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Department, Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endoscope center, Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive center, Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha City, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive center, Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136125","article-title":"Pregnancy: Heterotopic pregnancies after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer","volume":"10","author":"SF Marcus","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137858","article-title":"Heterotopic pregnancies after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer-a danish survey","volume":"8","author":"J Svare","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev315","article-title":"Trends in ectopic pregnancy rates following assisted reproductive technologies in the UK: A 12-year nationwide analysis 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