{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T12:24:23Z","timestamp":1770467063260,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Objective\u2003Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and preeclampsia, are associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes for offspring. Examination of the placenta is important for understanding how the prenatal period shapes long-term cardiovascular health. We sought to investigate the association between placental vascular malperfusion and fetal cardiac structure.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Study Design\u2003Data obtained from the Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network included stillbirths with placental pathology and autopsy. Stillbirths were classified in two ways: based on the severity of placental maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) and based on the cause of death (MVM, fetal vascular malperfusion [FVM], or acute infection\/controls). Organ weight and heart measures were standardized by gestational age (GA) and compared across groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2003We included 329 stillbirths in the analysis by MVM severity and 76 in the analysis by cause of death (COD). While z-scores for most organ weights\/heart measures were smaller when COD was attributed to MVM as compared with FVM or controls, heart weight and brain weight z-scores did not differ by COD (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). In analyses accounting for body size, the difference between heart and body weight z-score was \u22120.05 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.53) among those with MVM as a COD and \u22120.20 (SD: 0.95) among those with severe MVM. Right and left ventricle thicknesses and tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, and aortic valve circumferences were consistently as expected or larger than expected for GA and body weight. In the analysis investigating the severity of MVM, those with the most severe MVM had heart measures that were as expected or larger than expected for body weight while those with only mild to moderate MVM had heart measures that were generally small relative to body weight.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003When assessed as COD or based on severity, MVM was associated with heart measures that were as expected or larger than expected for GA and body weight, indicating possible heart sparing.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2405-1621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T23:35:36Z","timestamp":1724974536000},"page":"462-470","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Vascular Placental Pathology and Cardiac Structure in Stillborn Fetuses"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Alexa A.","family":"Freedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tess E.K.","family":"Cersonsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Halit","family":"Pinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Goldenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Silver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda M.","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.2476","article-title":"Leading causes of death in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic, March 2020 to October 2021","volume":"182","author":"M S Shiels","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern 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