{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T19:16:04Z","timestamp":1763234164474,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pregnancies affected by both pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus carry an increased risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. While the risks associated with diabetes in pregnancy have been well documented and span across all trimesters, maternal and neonatal morbidity have been associated with select third-trimester complications. Further, modifiable risk factors have been identified that can help improve pregnancy outcomes. This review aims to examine the relationship between select third-trimester complications (large for gestational age, intrauterine fetal demise, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, perineal lacerations, shoulder dystocia, and cesarean delivery) and the aforementioned modifiable risk factors, specifically glycemic control, blood pressure control, and gestational weight gain. It also highlights how early optimization of these modifiable risk factors can reduce adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2407-0946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T18:41:57Z","timestamp":1727721717000},"page":"1119-1126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Review of Third-Trimester Complications in Pregnancies Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Shaun R.","family":"Welsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inova Fairfax, Fairfax, Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inova Fairfax, Fairfax, Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5245-5934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah D.","family":"Crimmins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.21090","article-title":"Effect of maternal diabetes on the embryo, fetus, and children: congenital anomalies, genetic and epigenetic changes and developmental outcomes","volume":"105","author":"A Ornoy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"S81","article-title":"Third trimester foetal complications in pregnancy with diabetes","volume":"66","author":"V Kulshrestha","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-003-0025-x","article-title":"Third trimester glycemic profiles and fetal growth","volume":"3","author":"G Leguizam\u00f3n","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-0028","article-title":"Reappearance of C-peptide during the third trimester of pregnancy in type 1 diabetes: pancreatic regeneration or fetal hyperinsulinism?","volume":"44","author":"C L Meek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.3.3.458","article-title":"Gestational diabetes: infant and maternal complications of pregnancy in relation to third-trimester glucose tolerance in the Pima Indians","volume":"3","author":"D J Pettitt","year":"1980","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref6","first-page":"16501","article-title":"Continuous glucose monitoring parameters in pregnancy-related complications in patients with type 1 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"133","author":"R Sibiak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pol Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s40814-021-00824-0","article-title":"A preconception intervention targeted at women with modifiable risk factors before pregnancy to improve outcomes; protocol for the Get Ready! 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