{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:50:28Z","timestamp":1783119028421,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"07","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rofo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The TFCC consists of several components whose functional significance has been recognized in detail in recent years. Existing classifications are partly incomplete. In addition, the TFCC requires specific and dedicated imaging techniques.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This review describes the anatomy and pathoanatomy of the TFCC. The different types of TFCC lesions on MRI as well as MR and CT arthrography are explained and compared with the current literature. In addition, the novel CUP classification is presented and illustrated with image examples.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Anatomically and functionally, the articular disc and radioulnar ligaments with their ulnar insertions and the inhomogeneously structured TFCC periphery must be differentiated. For accurate imaging, thin slices with high in-plane resolution and techniques to optimize contrast are required. Plain MRI is exclusively dependent on T2 contrast, while gadolinium-enhanced MRI offers the additional benefit of focal contrast enhancement, e.g., of fibrovascular repair tissue at the lesion site. However, the reference standard continues to be MR and CT arthrography, which should be used for focused indications. The CUP classification, which allows a comprehensive description and categorization of TFCC lesions, is presented and illustrated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2411-8444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T23:40:52Z","timestamp":1727826052000},"page":"759-769","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC) \u2013 Anatomy, Imaging, and Classifications with Special Focus on the CUP Classification"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"197","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9571-6332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rainer","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wurzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas Steven","family":"Kunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wurzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Reidler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henner","family":"Huflage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wurzburg, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Hesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2004.02.005","article-title":"MR imaging findings in ulnar-sided wrist impaction syndromes","volume":"12","author":"L Cerezal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-009-0775-x","article-title":"Ulnar-sided wrist pain. Part I: anatomy and physical examination","volume":"39","author":"PS Vezeridis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1054\/jhsb.2001.0562","article-title":"Origins and insertions of the triangular fibrocartilage complex: A histological study","volume":"26","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22840","article-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Triangular Fibrocartilage","volume":"35","author":"H Yoshioka","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Magn Reason Imag"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193417693170","article-title":"Distal radioulnar joint: functional anatomy, including pathomechanics","volume":"42","author":"JR Haugstvedt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2011.05.014","article-title":"Foveal TFCC tear classification and treatment","volume":"27","author":"A Atzei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(89)90174-3","article-title":"Triangular fibrocartilage complex lesions: a classification","volume":"14","author":"AK Palmer","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-020-03438-4","article-title":"Traumatic injury of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) \u2013 a refinement to the Palmer classification by using high-resolution 3-T MRI","volume":"49","author":"H Zhan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1769908","article-title":"A New Arthroscopic Classification of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Disorders","volume":"13","author":"G Herzberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Wrist Surg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934221121931","article-title":"Triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries \u2013 limitations of the current classification systems and the proposed new \u2018CUP\u2019 classification","volume":"48","author":"R Schmitt","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/s0363-5023(81)80170-0","article-title":"The triangular \ufb01brocartilage complex of the wrist \u2013 anatomy and function","volume":"6","author":"AK Palmer","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.08.032","article-title":"Subluxation of the Distal Radioulnar Joint as a Predictor of Foveal Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears","volume":"36","author":"EC Ehman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-019-03278-x","article-title":"Changes in the morphology of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) on magnetic resonance arthrography related to disruption of ulnar foveal attachment","volume":"49","author":"JH Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21084","article-title":"Study of Ulnar Variance with High-Resolution MRI: Correlation with Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex and Cartilage of Ulnar Side of Wrist","volume":"26","author":"H Yoshioka","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Magn Res Imag"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/s0363-5023(10)80074-7","article-title":"The microvasculature of the triangulare fibrocartilage complex: its clinical significance","volume":"16","author":"MS Bednar","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2010.05.002.","article-title":"Understanding stability of the distal radioulnar joint through an understanding of its anatomy","volume":"26","author":"E Hagert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/s0266-7681(96)80135-5","article-title":"Functional anatomy of the triangular fibrocartilage complex","volume":"21","author":"T Nakamura","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2017.07.01","article-title":"MR imaging of the traumatic triangular fibrocartilaginous complex tear","volume":"7","author":"AWH Ng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1159\/000144537","article-title":"The articular disc of the hand","volume":"93","author":"JM Kauer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Acta Anat (Basel)"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.311105114.","article-title":"Pitfalls that may mimic injuries of the triangular fibrocartilage and proximal intrinsic wrist ligaments at MR imaging","volume":"31","author":"JE Burns","year":"2011","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.195.2.7724777","article-title":"Triangular fibrocartilage complex: normal appearance on coronal three-dimensional gradient-recalled-echo MR images","volume":"195","author":"SM Totterman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2533090743","article-title":"Ulnomeniscal homologue of the wrist: correlation of anatomic and MR imaging findings","volume":"253","author":"FM Buck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.rev.2016-0011","article-title":"High-Resolution 3T MR Imaging of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex","volume":"16","author":"D von Borstel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med Sci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1345023","article-title":"Anatomy and clinical relevance of the ulnocarpal ligament","volume":"2","author":"H Moritomo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Wrist Surg"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6322","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09698-7","article-title":"Interdisciplinary consensus statements on\u00a0imaging of\u00a0DRUJ instability and\u00a0TFCC injuries","volume":"33","author":"L Cerezal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-017-2739-x","article-title":"High-resolution 3-T MRI of the triangular fibrocartilage complex in the wrist: injury pattern and MR features","volume":"46","author":"H Zhan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-013-1666-8","article-title":"Intrinsic ligament and triangular fibrocartilage complex tears of the wrist: comparison of MDCT arthrography, conventional 3-T MRI, and MR arthrography","volume":"42","author":"RK Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-104512","article-title":"Comparison of Modern 3D and 2D MR Imaging Sequences of the Wrist at 3 Tesla","volume":"188","author":"C Rehnitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fortschr R\u00f6ntgenstr"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21077","article-title":"High-resolution MRI of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) at 3T: comparison of surface coil and volume coil","volume":"26","author":"B Bittersohl","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-023-07140-z","article-title":"Diagnostic value of MRI in traumatic triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries: a retrospective study","volume":"25","author":"X Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2021.109901","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced MRI of the wrist: Intravenous application of gadolinium increases diagnostic accuracy for ulnar-sided injuries of the TFCC","volume":"143","author":"KS Luetkens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.05.2056","article-title":"Peripheral Tear of the Triangular Fibrocartilage: Depiction with MR Arthrography of the Distal Radioulnar Joint","volume":"188","author":"C R\u00fcegger","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01775","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance arthrography for triangular fibrocartilaginous complex injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"94","author":"TO Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.06.024","article-title":"Intrinsic ligament and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears of the wrist: comparison of isovolumetric 3D-THRIVE sequence MR arthrography and conventional MR image at 3 T","volume":"31","author":"YH Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.07.032","article-title":"Comparison between conventional MRI and MR arthrography in the diagnosis of triangular \ufb01brocartilage tears and correlation with arthroscopic \ufb01ndings","volume":"50","author":"E Petsatodis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08024-3","article-title":"Improved diagnostic accuracy for ulnar-sided TFCC lesions with radial reformation of 3D sequences in wrist MR arthrography","volume":"31","author":"H Huflage","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.06.0288","article-title":"Wrist Ligament Tears: Evaluation of MRI and Combined MDCT and MR Arthrography","volume":"188","author":"T Moser","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1304299","article-title":"MR and CT arthrography of the wrist","volume":"16","author":"L Cerezal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Musculoskelet Radiol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.10.051","article-title":"Computed Tomography Arthrography Using a Radial Plane View for the Detection of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Foveal Tears","volume":"40","author":"H Moritomo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03321-2","article-title":"The importance of radial multiplanar reconstructions for assessment of triangular fibrocartilage complex injury in CT arthrography of the wrist","volume":"21","author":"JP Grunz","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193416684658","article-title":"Diagnosing central lesions of the triangular fibrocartilage as traumatic or degenerative: a review of clinical accuracy","volume":"42","author":"S L\u00f6w","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"367","article-title":"Age related changes in the triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist","volume":"126","author":"ZD Mikic","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.184.1.1609083","article-title":"Age-associated changes of the triangular fibrocartilage of the wrist: Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of MR imaging","volume":"184","author":"VM Metz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560100429","article-title":"What happens to the triangular fibrocartilage complex during pronation and supination of the forearm? Analysis of its morphology and diagnostic assessment with MR arthrography","volume":"30","author":"CW Pfirrmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-05354-2","volume-title":"Radial side tear of the triangular fibrocartilage complex","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-011-1269-1","article-title":"Bucket-handle tear of the triangular fibrocartilage complex: case report of a complex peripheral injury with separation of the distal radioulnar ligaments from the articular disc","volume":"40","author":"N Theumann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-017-2796-1","article-title":"MRI findings in bucket-handle tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex","volume":"47","author":"J Jose","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193416687479","article-title":"Classification of ulnar triangular fibrocartilage complex tears. A treatment algorithm for Palmer type IB tears","volume":"42","author":"A Atzei","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-023-04517-y","article-title":"Peripheral tear of\u00a0the\u00a0triangular fibrocartilage complex: diagnostic accuracy of\u00a0magnetic resonance imaging and\u00a0diagnostic performance of\u00a0the\u00a0primary and\u00a0secondary signs","volume":"53","author":"Y Hur","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2011.05.002","article-title":"Repair of foveal detachment of the triangular fibrocartilage complex: open and arthroscopic transosseous techniques","volume":"27","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-017-2835-3","article-title":"Arthroscopic one-tunnel transosseous foveal repair for triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) peripheral tear","volume":"138","author":"JH Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-023-04280-0","article-title":"Ulnar positive variance associated with\u00a0TFCC foveal tear","volume":"52","author":"HJ Ryoo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiology"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-020-03701-8","article-title":"Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist for clinically important lesions of the major interosseous ligaments and triangular fibrocartilage complex; correlation with radiocarpal arthroscopy","volume":"50","author":"N Daunt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00130911-200412000-00006","article-title":"Clinical applications of volar portals in wrist arthroscopy","volume":"8","author":"DJ Slutsky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2010.05.010","article-title":"Triangular fibrocartilage complex tears associated with symptomatic ulnar styloid nonunions","volume":"35","author":"TS Protopsaltis","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.05.025","article-title":"The Presence and the Location of an ulnar styloid fracture associated with distal radius fracture predict the presence of triangular fibrocartilage complex 1B injury","volume":"36","author":"Y Tomori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2018.05.009","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of the extensor carpi ulnaris tendon and distal radioulnar joint in triangular fibrocartilage complex tears","volume":"23","author":"S Santo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09446-x","article-title":"Extensor carpi ulnaris tendon pathology and\u00a0ulnar styloid bone marrow edema as\u00a0diagnostic markers of\u00a0peripheral triangular f ibrocartilage complex tears on\u00a0wrist MRI: a\u00a0case\u2013control study","volume":"33","author":"MT Nevalainen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1054\/jhsb.2001.0680","article-title":"The carpal detachment injury of the triangular fibrocartilage complex","volume":"27","author":"S Nishikawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1054\/jhsb.1999.0070","article-title":"Triquetral impingement ligament tear (tilt)","volume":"24","author":"HK Watson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05241-9","article-title":"Evaluation of\u00a0prestyloid recess morphology and\u00a0ulnar-sided contrast leakage in\u00a0CT arthrography of\u00a0the\u00a0wrist","volume":"23","author":"CH Gietzen","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2007.01.026","article-title":"Arthroscopic repair of triangular fibrocartilage complex tears","volume":"23","author":"EP Estrella","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2010.07.004","article-title":"Longitudinal Split Tears of the Ulnotriquetral Ligament","volume":"26","author":"SC Tay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.05.040","article-title":"Utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detection of Longitudinal Split Tear of the Ulnotriquetral Ligament","volume":"38","author":"MD Ringler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1570037","article-title":"Dorsal Tear of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex: Clinical Features and Treatment","volume":"5","author":"Y Abe","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Wrist Surg"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHSE.2007.06.008","article-title":"Dorsoradial avulsion of the triangular fibrocartilage complex with an avulsion fracture of the sigmoid notch of the radius","volume":"32","author":"Y Morisawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur"}],"container-title":["R\u00f6Fo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der R\u00f6ntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2411-8444.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T22:40:13Z","timestamp":1750286413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2411-8444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"07","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2411-8444","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-9029","1438-9010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-9029","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-9010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}}}