{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:02:56Z","timestamp":1789772576648,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background Complications after arcuate (\u0410Ks) and radial keratotomies (RKs) may include infection, delayed wound healing, and epithelial invasion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Purpose To assess the histopathologic findings of epithelial invasion following \u0410K\/RK.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods The study included patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PK) after previous \u0410K or RK treatment. In corneas with histologically confirmed epithelial invasion, the following parameters were examined: invasion depth (\u00b5m), width (\u00b5m) in the superficial, middle, and deep stroma, and the ratio of invasion depth to corneal thickness. The time between \u0410K\/RK and PK was compared for corneas with and without detectable epithelial invasion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results Out of 31 excised corneas, 7 (22%) showed epithelial invasion 2 to 19 years (median 6 years) after \u0410K\/RK. Histological examination revealed different invasion patterns, with a mean depth of 315 (231 to 395) \u00b5m or 57% (46 to 66%) of corneal thickness. The mean width in the superficial stroma was 291 (75 to 789) \u00b5m, in the middle stroma 210 (33 to 422) \u00b5m, and in the deep stroma 164 (19 to 324) \u00b5m. No significant association was found between the presence of the epithelial invasion and the time after PK (p = 0.83).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion In almost a quarter of the eyes after \u0410K or RK, epithelial invasion could be detected. The potential biomechanical instability associated with this should be considered in cases of trauma as well as in the context of planning cataract surgery or PK, particularly in the hands of less experienced surgeons. Nonmechanical contact-free excimer laser trephination may be helpful in PK.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2457-6977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T20:35:51Z","timestamp":1730320551000},"page":"930-936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Histopathological Findings of Epithelial Invasion after Arcuate and Radial Keratotomies"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Serf\u00f6z\u00f6","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg\/Saar, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fidelis","family":"Flockerzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General and Special Pathology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg\/Saar, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2307-2237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg\/Saar, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0452-3039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrien","family":"Quintin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg\/Saar, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9701-8204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berthold","family":"Seitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg\/Saar, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(88)90057-8","article-title":"The effect of suture removal on postkeratoplasty astigmatism","volume":"105","author":"P S Binder","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73257-X","article-title":"Corneal compression sutures for the reduction of astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty","volume":"108","author":"M B Limberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(87)90023-3","article-title":"Postoperative astigmatism","volume":"31","author":"C A Swinger","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surv 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