{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:51:47Z","timestamp":1777521107120,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background The aim of our study is to describe clinical features, therapy, and outcome of children with inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (CNV).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods Retrospective case series of children seen at the Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital between 2000 and 2024 with macular choroidal neovascularisation secondary to ocular inflammation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results Four children (one male, three females) developed a retro-foveolar neovascular membrane after a median time of 2.5 months (range 1\u200a\u2013\u200a16 months) following uveitis onset. The median age at presentation was 12 years (range 5\u200a\u2013\u200a12 years). The CNV presentation was unilateral in all four cases, with three patients having posterior uveitis and one panuveitis. Two patients had idiopathic bilateral granulomatous uveitis while the other two had suspected toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis. Idiopathic cases were treated with oral steroids, with one patient being additionally treated with adalimumab. Toxoplasmosis cases were managed with antibiotics and oral steroids. CNV treatment involved a single anti-VEGF injection in two cases, six injections in one case, and no injection in one case due to CNV inactivity. Median follow-up period was 4.25 years (range 0.75 to 11 years) and the median final best-corrected visual acuity was 0.9 (range 0.6\u200a\u2013\u200a1.25). No recurrence of CNV was\n          observed, despite uveitis reactivation in two cases.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion Anti-VEGF therapy is safe even in young children with minimal injections required to control the disease. Treating the underlying cause of uveitis with appropriate therapy is also crucial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2467-1804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T23:52:06Z","timestamp":1739231526000},"page":"466-470","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Inflammatory Choroidal Neovascularization in Pediatric Uveitis: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2048-4027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amandine","family":"Gauderon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, FAA, Uveitis Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3656-1689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Eandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, FAA, Medical Retina, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aikaterini","family":"Koryllou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Pediatric Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2521-1333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Hoogewoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, FAA, Uveitis Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7745-3582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katerina","family":"Theodoropoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Pediatric Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1373-9635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Guex-Crosier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, FAA, Uveitis Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.155","article-title":"Choroidal neovascularization in 36 eyes of children and adolescents","volume":"27","author":"P Rishi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735805","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.735805","article-title":"Choroidal Neovascularization in Pediatric Patients: Analysis of Etiologic Factors, Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes","volume":"8","author":"T Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.05.015","article-title":"Etiology, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes for Choroidal Neovascularization in the Pediatric Population: An Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS\u00ae) Registry Study","volume":"6","author":"A P Finn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-310445","article-title":"Active surveillance of choroidal neovascularisation in children: incidence, aetiology and management findings from a national study in the UK","volume":"102","author":"M Moosajee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213131","article-title":"Consensus-based recommendations for the management of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the SHARE initiative","volume":"77","author":"T Constantin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2023.04.002","article-title":"French recommendations for the management of non-infectious chronic uveitis","volume":"44","author":"P Quartier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"102","article-title":"An update on current practices in the management of ocular toxoplasmosis","volume":"134","author":"G N Holland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ocular toxoplasmosis: a global reassessment. Part II: disease manifestations and management","volume":"137","author":"G N Holland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-812860","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to toxoplasmic chorioretinal scar","volume":"221","author":"F Nessi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721211048799","article-title":"Pediatric choroidal neovascularization: Etiology and treatment outcomes with anti-vascular endothelial growth factors","volume":"32","author":"R Ranjan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000820","article-title":"Etiology and treatment of choroidal neovascularization in pediatric patients","volume":"26","author":"T Barth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e252270","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-252270","article-title":"Intravitreal aflibercept for idiopathic choroidal neovascularisation in paediatric age","volume":"16","author":"A R Viana","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"}],"container-title":["Klinische Monatsbl\u00e4tter f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2467-1804.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T22:41:12Z","timestamp":1744843272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2467-1804"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2467-1804","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-2165","1439-3999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-2165","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3999","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]}}}