{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:02:21Z","timestamp":1792011741001,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Main recommendations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>1 ESGE recommends the combination of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-based tissue acquisition as the preferred diagnostic approach for tissue acquisition in patients with jaundice and distal extrahepatic biliary stricture in the absence of a pancreatic mass.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>2 ESGE suggests that brushing cytology should be completed along with fluoroscopy-guided biopsies, wherever technically feasible, in patients with perihilar biliary strictures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>3 ESGE suggests EUS-TA for perihilar strictures when ERCP-based modalities yield insufficient results, provided that curative resection is not feasible and\/or when cross-sectional imaging has shown accessible extraluminal disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>4 ESGE suggests using standard ERCP diagnostic modalities at index ERCP. In the case of indeterminate biliary strictures, ESGE suggests cholangioscopy-guided biopsies, in addition to standard ERCP diagnostic modalities. Additional intraductal biliary imaging modalities can be selectively used, based on clinical context, local expertise, and resource availability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2481-7048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T19:14:57Z","timestamp":1734462897000},"page":"166-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Diagnostic work-up of bile duct strictures: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2107-2156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Facciorusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Medicine, Universit\u00e0 del Salento, Lecce, Italy"},{"name":"Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano 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