{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:50:55Z","timestamp":1790117455424,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Respir Crit Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The interrelationship between asthma, obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) presents a critical area of investigation within sleep medicine, given the rising prevalence of these conditions globally. This article explores the multifactorial interactions among these three disorders that contribute to significant morbidity. Asthma, a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways, is one of the most common chronic respiratory conditions globally. Asthma in people with obesity is associated with poor asthma control, increased asthma severity, and an increased frequency of exacerbations. Obesity, characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a well-established risk factor for the development of OSA. This sleep-related breathing disorder disrupts airflow during sleep due to pharyngeal collapse. Conversely, OSA may worsen asthma symptoms through intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, further complicating asthma management. This review analyzes existing literature to illustrate the bidirectional relationships among these conditions. It discusses the role of systemic inflammation, hormone dysregulation, and lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical inactivity, in the development and persistence of asthma and OSA in obese patients. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of comprehensive management strategies that address these overlapping disorders. Clinical implications are examined, with consideration given to the potential for targeted therapies and lifestyle interventions that could mitigate symptoms and improve the quality of life for affected individuals. Understanding these complex interactions is essential for healthcare practitioners in optimizing the management of patients with asthma, obesity, and OSA. By recognizing the interconnectedness of these conditions, clinicians can adopt a more holistic approach to treatment, leading to improved outcomes and a better understanding of the patient's overall health trajectory. Future research directions are suggested to investigate potential therapeutic interventions and the influence of socioeconomic factors on these chronic conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2531-1104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T19:14:38Z","timestamp":1743448478000},"page":"98-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Interplay between Asthma, Obesity, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Lucia R.","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Latina de Panam\u00e1, Panama City, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","first-page":"205","article-title":"Asthma and obesity: a complex relationship","volume":"71","author":"S Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref3","first-page":"1201","article-title":"The impact of obesity on obstructive sleep apnea severity in asthma patients","volume":"329","author":"J Smith","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","first-page":"388","article-title":"Systemic inflammation in obesity and asthma: a review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"M Camacho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"International Classification of Sleep Disorders","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2014","edition":"3rd ed."},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","first-page":"573","article-title":"The role of systemic inflammation in asthma","volume":"135","author":"M Cazzola","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref8","first-page":"635","article-title":"Obesity and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"A Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"701743","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"W Mao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Medicine."},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","first-page":"50","article-title":"The relationship between obesity and asthma: a review","volume":"22","author":"M Pepp\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref11","first-page":"657","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in obesity: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management","volume":"39","author":"A A Pappalardo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","first-page":"254","article-title":"An estimate of the global prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnea: a literature-based analysis","volume":"155","author":"A V Benjafield","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6506","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"13","author":"V K Kapur","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref16","first-page":"12","article-title":"The role of obesity in the pathogenesis of asthma","volume":"139","author":"F Holguin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref17","first-page":"505","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome in children","volume":"11","author":"D Gozal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Med Clin"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"51","article-title":"The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and asthma: a meta-analysis","volume":"27\u201328","author":"X Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref19","first-page":"520","article-title":"The impact of obesity on asthma control and quality of life","volume":"54","author":"W Chaiwong","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref20","first-page":"e16098","article-title":"Impact of asthma on the quality of sleep in young people","volume":"13","author":"A Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181742","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1181742","article-title":"Mental health and sleep quality among patients with asthma and COPD","volume":"10","author":"Y S Aldabayan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obpill.2022.100043","article-title":"Sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and other obesity-related sleep disorders: an Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022","volume":"4","author":"N Pennings","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes Pillars"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes.2018.27.1.4","article-title":"Sleep and obesity","volume":"27","author":"C Ding","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Obes Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2013.04.004","article-title":"Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"8","author":"J C Ong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med Clin"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases9040088","article-title":"Association and risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"A K Mitra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.15-0903","article-title":"STOP-Bang Questionnaire: a practical approach to screen for obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"149","author":"F Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.06.03","article-title":"Screening for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in asthma patients: a prospective study based on Berlin and STOP-Bang questionnaires","volume":"9","author":"H Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000517","article-title":"Lifestyle modification approaches for the treatment of obesity in adults","volume":"75","author":"T A Wadden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s41030-020-00137-2","article-title":"Mandibular advancement devices for OSA: an alternative to CPAP?","volume":"7","author":"C E Francis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulm Ther"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"luac038","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luac038","article-title":"Weight loss from combination anti-obesity medication regimens can approach that achieved from bariatric surgery","volume":"1","author":"P N Patel","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCEM Case Rep"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59071266","article-title":"Obesity, bariatric surgery and obstructive sleep apnea\u2014a narrative literature review","volume":"59","author":"K Wyszomirski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808991","article-title":"Mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma","volume":"360","author":"P Haldar","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315540","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1315540","article-title":"Effects of biological therapies on patients with Type-2 high asthma and comorbid obesity","volume":"14","author":"D Garg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980017001823","article-title":"Does adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern reduce asthma symptoms in children? A systematic review of observational studies","volume":"20","author":"M M Papamichael","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031341","article-title":"An overview of epigenetics in obesity: the role of lifestyle and therapeutic interventions","volume":"23","author":"A M Mahmoud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref37","first-page":"e30812","article-title":"Beneficial effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with asthma: a literature review","volume":"14","author":"M K Kanwar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2531-1104.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T22:30:43Z","timestamp":1754087443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2531-1104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2531-1104","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1069-3424","1098-9048"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1069-3424","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-9048","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]}}}