{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T19:59:05Z","timestamp":1781294345464,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"CP","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Mayo Endoscopic Subscore (MES) is widely utilized for assessing mucosal activity in ulcerative colitis (UC). Artificial intelligence has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing diagnostic precision and addressing interobserver variability. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT-4, a multimodal large language model, in identifying and grading endoscopic images of UC patients using the MES.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Real-world endoscopic images of UC patients were reviewed by an expert consensus board. Each image was graded based on the MES. Only images that were uniformly graded were subsequently provided to three inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) specialists and ChatGPT-4. Severity gradings of the IBD specialists and ChatGPT-4 were compared with assessments made by the expert consensus board.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Thirty of 50 images were graded with complete agreement among the experts. Compared with\n        the consensus board, ChatGPT-4 gradings had a mean accuracy rate of 78.9% whereas the mean\n        accuracy rate for the IBD specialists was 81.1%. Between the two groups, there was no\n        statistically significant difference in mean accuracy rates (P =\n        0.71) and a high degree of reliability was found.<\/jats:p><jats:p>ChatGPT-4 has the potential to assess mucosal inflammation severity from endoscopic images of UC patients, without prior configuration or fine-tuning. Performance rates were comparable to those of IBD specialists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2542-0943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T00:20:32Z","timestamp":1739924432000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Enhancing diagnostics: ChatGPT-4 performance in ulcerative colitis endoscopic assessment"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1235-1927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asaf","family":"Levartovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Albshesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Grinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Shachar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adi","family":"Lahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rami","family":"Eliakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uri","family":"Kopylov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.06.054","article-title":"Early mucosal healing with infliximab is associated with improved long- term clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis","volume":"141","author":"JF Colombel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.12.031","article-title":"STRIDE-II: An update on the Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (STRIDE) Initiative of the International Organization for the Study of IBD (IOIBD): determining therapeutic goals for treat-to-target strategies in IBD","volume":"160","author":"D Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198712243172603","article-title":"Coated Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study","volume":"317","author":"K Schroeder","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21000","article-title":"Comparison of several activity indices for the evaluation of endoscopic activity in UC: Inter- and intraobserver consistency","volume":"16","author":"T Osada","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-4-9","article-title":"Inter-observer agreement in the assessment of endoscopic findings in ulcerative colitis","volume":"4","author":"T de Lange","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2023.04.2074","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of convolutional neural network - based machine learning algorithms in endoscopic severity prediction of ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Search strategy","volume":"98","author":"V Jahagirdar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1111\/den.14677","article-title":"Artificial intelligence quantifying endoscopic severity of ulcerative colitis in gradation scale","volume":"36","author":"K Takabayashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001904","article-title":"High accuracy in classifying endoscopic severity in ulcerative colitis using convolutional neural network","volume":"117","author":"B Lo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.04.033","article-title":"ChatGPT answers common patient questions about colonoscopy","volume":"165","author":"TC Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2289-5732","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of a language model and human specialists in the application of European guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases and malignancies","volume":"56","author":"I Ghersin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastha.2023.07.008","article-title":"Assessing ChatGPT\u2019s ability to reply to queries regarding colon cancer screening based on multisociety guidelines","volume":"2","author":"S Mukherjee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastro Hep Advances"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002483","article-title":"Towards AI-augmented clinical decision-making: an examination of chatgpt\u2019s utility in acute ulcerative colitis presentations","volume":"118","author":"A Levartovsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjae080","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-assisted video colonoscopy for disease monitoring of ulcerative colitis: A prospective study","volume":"19","author":"N Ogata","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000671","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-assisted colonoscopy in real-world clinical practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"MT Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Endoscopy International Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2542-0943.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T21:17:10Z","timestamp":1742937430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2542-0943"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"CP","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["a25420943"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2542-0943","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2364-3722","2196-9736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2364-3722","type":"print"},{"value":"2196-9736","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]}}}