{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:54:22Z","timestamp":1782744862231,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We hypothesised that the WALANT technique can be consistently replicated and\n                        does not demand a high level of skill, and it leads to a higher patient\n                        satisfaction rate, improved clinical outcomes, and shorter waiting times\n                        compared with an IC-BP block.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Forty-eight patients with isolated closed DRF were randomly assigned to the\n                        WALANT or IC-BP group. Demographic data, fracture classification,\n                        suitability for surgery, preoperative pain scores, and waiting times were\n                        collected prospectively. Perioperative parameters, clinical outcomes (pain\n                        scores, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH] scores),\n                        complications, patient satisfaction (Visual Analogue Patient Satisfaction\n                        [VAPS] scale), and return to work were assessed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Patients in the WALANT group had significantly shorter waiting times for\n                        surgery and postoperative hospital stays than the IC-BP group. No\n                        significant difference was found in intraoperative blood loss. The WALANT\n                        group had lower pain scores at postoperative weeks 2, 6, and 12. DASH scores\n                        improved over time in both groups, with the WALANT group having a\n                        significantly lower mean score during the follow-up period. Patients in the\n                        WALANT group returned to work earlier, and patient satisfaction was\n                        significantly higher.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Compared with IC-BP blockade, the WALANT technique offers several advantages\n                        in DRF surgery, including shorter waiting times, shorter postoperative\n                        hospital stays, lower pain scores, better functional outcomes, faster return\n                        to work, and higher patient satisfaction. The WALANT technique offers a safe\n                        and effective alternative that eliminates the need for general anaesthesia\n                        or tourniquet application. This technique is suitable for DRF surgery\n                        because it provides consistent results and does not require a high level of\n                        expertise. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm\n                        these results and investigate long-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2549-7223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T22:30:33Z","timestamp":1751495433000},"page":"201-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparison of Wide-Awake Local Anaesthesia without Tourniquet\n                    (WALANT) and Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in the Plating of Distal\n                    Radius Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5787-3908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6mer","family":"Torun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ministry of Health Ankara Etlik City\n                    Hospital, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erbil","family":"Ayd\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ministry of Health Ankara\n                    Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00fcseyin Bilgehan","family":"\u00c7evik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ministry of Health Ankara Etlik City\n                    Hospital, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.97.BJR-2019-0315.R1","article-title":"Fixation of distal radius fractures using wide-awake local anaesthesia with\n                        no tourniquet (WALANT) technique: A randomized control trial of a\n                        cost-effective and resource-friendly procedure","volume":"9","author":"M Tahir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2012.02.001","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Distal Radius Fractures","volume":"28","author":"K W Nellans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.05.006","article-title":"A multicenter prospective study of 3,110 consecutive cases of elective\n                        epinephrine use in the fingers and hand: the Dalhousie Project clinical\n                        phase","volume":"30","author":"D Lalonde","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hansur.2020.01.003","article-title":"Internal fixation of metacarpal fractures using wide awake local anesthesia\n                        and no tourniquet","volume":"39","author":"G Feldman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hand Surg Rehabil"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12876","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.12876","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial comparing wide-awake local anesthesia with No\n                        tourniquet (WALANT) to general anesthesia in plating of distal radius\n                        fractures with pain and anxiety level perception","volume":"13","author":"M H Abd Hamid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944719861706","article-title":"Wide-awake anesthesia for olecranon fracture fixation","volume":"16","author":"A A Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hansur.2021.03.013","article-title":"The effect of wide-awake anesthesia, intravenous regional anesthesia, and\n                        infraclavicular brachial plexus block on cost and clinical scores of\n                        patients undergoing hand surgery","volume":"40","author":"O Orman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hand Surg Rehabil"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.03.065","article-title":"Brachial plexus block versus wide-awake local anaesthesia for open reduction\n                        internal fixation surgery in distal radius fracture: A preliminary\n                        retrospective report","volume":"74","author":"G Torre","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04243-0","article-title":"Comparison of distal radius fracture plating surgery under wide-awake local\n                        anesthesia no tourniquet technique and balanced anesthesia: a retrospective\n                        cohort study","volume":"18","author":"C T Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-0903-1","article-title":"WALANT for distal radius fracture: open reduction with plating fixation via\n                        wide-awake local anesthesia with no tourniquet","volume":"13","author":"Y C Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2020.09.003","article-title":"Plating Distal Radius Fractures Using Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No\n                        Tourniquet (WALANT) Versus General Anesthesia: A Cohort Study","volume":"2","author":"L M Yi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Glob Online"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"249","article-title":"Wide-awake hand and wrist surgery: a new horizon in outpatient surgery","volume":"64","author":"D Lalonde","year":"2015","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-015-9759-6","article-title":"Achieving the optimal epinephrine effect in wide awake hand surgery using\n                        local anesthesia without a tourniquet","volume":"10","author":"D E Mckee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s00064-023-00838-2","article-title":"Standardized reduction and palmar plating of dorsally displaced distal\n                        radius fractures for safe and atraumatic reconstruction of the anatomy of\n                        the radius","volume":"36","author":"S L\u00f6w","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oper Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"113","article-title":"G\u00f6rsel analog hasta tatmini skalas\u0131","volume":"23","author":"C K\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7er","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trakya Univ Tip Fak Derg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90148-I","article-title":"Increasing the reliability and validity of pain intensity measurement in\n                        chronic pain patients","volume":"55","author":"M P Jensen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1992.tb00997.x","article-title":"The development of a six-item short-form of the state scale of the\n                        Spielberger State \u2013 Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)","volume":"31","author":"T M Marteau","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"107","article-title":"State and trait anxiety in Turkish patients and normals","volume":"2","author":"N P \u00d6ner","year":"1983","journal-title":"Series in Clinical & Community Psychology: Stress &\n                        Anxiety"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000001427","article-title":"Development of an upper extremity outcome measure: the DASH (disabilities of\n                        the arm, shoulder, and head)","volume":"29","author":"P L Hudak","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"99","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Disabilities of the\n                        Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire","volume":"17","author":"T D\u00fcger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy Rehabilitation-Fizyoterapi\n                        Rehabilitasyon"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2020.09.003","article-title":"Plating distal radius fractures using wide-awake local anesthesia no\n                        tourniquet (WALANT) versus general anesthesia: a cohort study","volume":"2","author":"L M Yi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Glob Online"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.52312\/jdrs.2022.455","article-title":"Comparison of infraclavicular brachial plexus block versus wide-awake local\n                        anesthesia no-tourniquet technique in the management of radial shortening\n                        osteotomy","volume":"33","author":"H O Ar\u0131k","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jt Dis Relat Surg"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2022.10.003","article-title":"Impact of WALANT Hand Surgery in a Secondary Care Hospital in Spain.\n                        Benefits to the Patient and the Health System","volume":"5","author":"A M Far-Riera","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Glob Online"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12876","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.12876","article-title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia With No\n                        Tourniquet (WALANT) to General Anesthesia in Plating of Distal Radius\n                        Fractures With Pain and Anxiety Level Perception","volume":"13","author":"M H Abd Hamid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58091296","article-title":"Comparing Preoperative Anxiety Effects of Brachial Plexus Block and General\n                        Anesthesia for Orthopedic Upper-Extremity Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled\n                        Trial","volume":"58","author":"G Sertcakacilar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447211058838","article-title":"Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet Technique in Hand Surgery: The\n                        Patient Experience","volume":"18","author":"M Pina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000215","article-title":"Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis following ultrasound-guided supraclavicular\n                        versus infraclavicular brachial plexus blockade: a randomized clinical\n                        trial","volume":"40","author":"S D Petrar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2008.01732.x","article-title":"Pneumothorax after an ultrasound-guided lateral sagittal infraclavicular\n                        block","volume":"52","author":"Z J Koscielniak-Nielsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2023.102228","article-title":"Wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet and dexamethasone (WALANT-D) for\n                        modified Camitz opponens plasty in severe carpal tunnel syndrome \u2013 a\n                        retrospective study of 30 cases","volume":"43","author":"JT J Jerome","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716646765","article-title":"Prospective Evaluation of Opioid Consumption Following Carpal Tunnel Release\n                        Surgery","volume":"12","author":"T Chapman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02504-x","article-title":"The value of local dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ultrasound-guided wide\n                        awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) in flexor tendon repair\n                        surgeries: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"M M Alseoudy","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193420916418","article-title":"Distal radius fracture volar locking plate osteosynthesis using wide-awake\n                        local anaesthesia","volume":"45","author":"R Dukan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1280762","volume-title":"Der \u201cWide Awake Approach\u201d in der Handchirurgie \u2013 ein komfortables\n                        An\u00e4sthesieverfahren ohne Blutleere [The \u201cWide Awake Approach\u201d in hand\n                        surgery: a comfortable anaesthesia method without a tourniquet]","author":"W H Koegst","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hansur.2021.02.001","article-title":"Applying the WALANT technique to surgical treatment of distal radius\n                        fractures","volume":"40","author":"A Abitbol","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hand Surg Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Handchirurgie \u00b7 Mikrochirurgie \u00b7 Plastische Chirurgie"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2549-7223.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T22:30:42Z","timestamp":1751495442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2549-7223"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2549-7223","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0722-1819","1439-3980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0722-1819","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}}}