{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T16:59:28Z","timestamp":1772902768974,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study aims to describe the surgical technique for temporary transarticular immobilization of the stifle joint using a locking plate and evaluate complications and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The medical records of dogs and cats that underwent transarticular immobilization of the stifle joint using a locking plate in two institutions from August 2018 to January 2024 were retrospectively evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>After managing the primary injury, a locking plate was contoured to fit the medial surface of the distal femur and proximal tibia, limiting the implant to the distal third of the femur and proximal third of the tibia, with immobilization at a 135 to 145-degree angle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Temporary transarticular immobilization of the stifle joint was performed in 16 stifle joints in 14 patients, with two dogs undergoing bilateral surgery. The transarticular implants were removed at a mean time of 55,86\u2009\u00b1\u200918,05 days postoperatively (median: 58, range: 27\u201396 days). No intraoperative complications were recorded. One major complication was recorded in a Galgo Espanol with a patellar fracture and patellar ligament lesion in which plate breakage was recorded 19 days after surgery, requiring early plate removal and application of an orthosis for 3 weeks. Four minor complications were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Preliminary results suggest that a transarticular locking plate is effective for temporary stifle immobilization, with a low morbidity and complication rate. Dedicated implants should be developed to decrease the risk of plate failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2577-1520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T20:02:14Z","timestamp":1746043334000},"page":"141-146","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Temporary Transarticular Immobilization of the Stifle Joint Using a Locking Plate"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Ida","family":"Forzisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Vezzoni, Surgical Department, Cremona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Raschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Veterinario Orthopedica, Surgical Department, Firenze, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2837-7822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo","family":"Vezzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Vezzoni, Surgical Department, Cremona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Vezzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Vezzoni, Surgical Department, Cremona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1071","volume-title":"Veterinary Surgery Small Animals. Vol. 1. 2nd ed","author":"S A Johnston","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Manual goniometric measurement of the canine pelvic limb","volume":"24","author":"F A Mann","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-0279(78)50026-9","article-title":"Sprain, strain, and contusion","volume":"8","author":"C S Farrow","year":"1978","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair. 4th ed","author":"W O Brinker"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1982.tb00664.x","article-title":"Transarticular application of the Kirschner-Ehmer splint","volume":"11","author":"D E Bjorling","year":"1982","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.143.12.330","article-title":"Use of the modified acrylic external fixator in 54 dogs and 28 cats","volume":"143","author":"W McCartney","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(92)50001-8","article-title":"History of external skeletal fixation","volume":"22","author":"G D Pettit","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(91)50080-2","article-title":"Complications of external fixation. A problem-oriented approach","volume":"21","author":"E L Egger","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2006.00034.x","article-title":"Treatment of inherently unstable open or infected fractures by open wound management and external skeletal fixation","volume":"47","author":"M G Ness","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.5326\/0390479","article-title":"Circular external skeletal fixation stabilization of antebrachial and crural fractures in 25 dogs","volume":"39","author":"G M Anderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2004.tb00208.x","article-title":"Treatment of canine and feline diaphyseal radial and tibial fractures with low-stiffness external skeletal fixation","volume":"45","author":"T J Gemmill","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1627477","article-title":"Postoperative complications associated with external skeletal fixators in dogs","volume":"31","author":"L J Beever","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-14-08-0120","article-title":"Impact of fixation method on postoperative complication rates following surgical stabilization of diaphyseal tibial fractures in cats","volume":"28","author":"K L Perry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2011.00885.x","article-title":"Combined intramedullary and external skeletal fixation of metatarsal and metacarpal fractures in 12 dogs and 19 cats","volume":"40","author":"N Fitzpatrick","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-05-0083","article-title":"Short and long-term outcome following surgical stabilization of tarsocrural instability in dogs","volume":"29","author":"L J Beever","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2006.00267.x","article-title":"Management of 49 antebrachial and crural fractures in dogs using circular external fixators","volume":"48","author":"G L Rovesti","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1633008","article-title":"Outcome following surgical repair of Achilles tendon rupture and comparison between postoperative tibiotarsal immobilization methods in dogs: 28 cases (1997-2004)","volume":"19","author":"C Nielsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-07-07-0066","article-title":"Temporary transarticular stabilization with a locking plate for medial shoulder luxation in a dog","volume":"21","author":"C Post","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1723939","article-title":"Treatment of stifle joint luxation in a cat using a temporary trans-articular locking plate","volume":"4","author":"E Chadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"VCOT Open"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1730356","article-title":"Use of a transarticular calcaneo-tibial locking plate for temporary immobilization of the tarsocrural joint following surgical repair of common calcanea tendon rupture in eight dogs","volume":"34","author":"A Boero Baroncelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"396","volume-title":"Piermattei's Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat. 5th ed","author":"K A Johnson","year":"2013"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.4.255","article-title":"Immobilisation causes longlasting matrix changes both in the immobilised and contralateral joint cartilage","volume":"56","author":"M O Jortikka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.1.55","article-title":"Decline after immobilisation and recovery after remobilisation of synovial fluid IL1, TIMP, and chondroitin sulphate levels in young beagle dogs","volume":"60","author":"J Haapala","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100070307","article-title":"Partial restoration of immobilization-induced softening of canine articular cartilage after remobilization of the knee (stifle) joint","volume":"7","author":"J Jurvelin","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100070305","article-title":"Biochemical changes in articular cartilage after joint immobilization by casting or external fixation","volume":"7","author":"F Behrens","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1994.tb00456.x","article-title":"The effect of trans-stifle external skeletal fixation and hyaluronic acid therapy on articular cartilage in the dog","volume":"23","author":"W G Keller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.98826","article-title":"Effects of immobilization on thickness of superficial zone of articular cartilage of patella in rats","volume":"46","author":"K Iqbal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1063-4584(97)80027-1","article-title":"Mechanical behavior and biochemical composition of canine knee cartilage following periods of joint disuse and disuse with remobilization","volume":"5","author":"L A Setton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12582","article-title":"Closed reduction and fluoroscopic-assisted percutaneous pinning of 42 physeal fractures in 37 dogs and 4 cats","volume":"46","author":"C L Boekhout-Ta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"105110","article-title":"Multiple ligament injury of the stifle joint in the dog","volume":"22","author":"D A Hulse","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref31","first-page":"119","article-title":"The effect of cranial cruciate ligament rupture on range of motion in dogs","volume":"8","author":"S Pinna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-14-08-0124","article-title":"Stifle arthrodesis using a locking plate system in six dogs","volume":"28","author":"M Petazzoni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"601","volume-title":"Veterinary Surgery Small Animals. Vol. 1. 2nd ed","author":"S A Johnston","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2577-1520.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T23:32:59Z","timestamp":1772839979000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2577-1520"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2577-1520","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0814","2567-6911"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0814","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-6911","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]}}}