{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T04:25:02Z","timestamp":1777436702005,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Perinatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major contributor to infant death and neurological injury worldwide. Both neuroglia and infiltrating peripheral immune cells contribute to inflammation and oxidative stress, which leads to neuronal loss and cerebral tissue necrosis in neonates with HIE. To date, there are no approved pharmacological interventions to treat inflammatory responses in infants affected by HIE. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) remains the only effective treatment option. Therefore, novel pharmacotherapeutics that interrupt immune-mediated brain inflammation in HIE represent a promising target for intervention. To meet this unmet need, this study tested the hypothesis that a novel anti-inflammatory peptide, RLS-0071 (pegtarazimod), could modulate neuroinflammation in a neonatal rat model of HIE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RLS-0071 was evaluated in the acute stages of hypoxic\u2013ischemic injury utilizing the well-established Vannucci rat pup model of HIE. Rat pups subject to hypoxia-ischemic brain insult received three interventions: normothermia, hypothermia, and RLS-0071. Histopathological effects were assessed via fluorescence microscopy of the hypoxic\u2013ischemic induced cerebral infarct in the cortex at 24 and 48\u2009hours after controlled oxygen deprivation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Increased surviving neurons were seen at 48\u2009hours for RLS-0071 treatment compared with hypothermia treatment as assessed by neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN) staining. Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1)-positive microglial recruitment was reduced by fourfold in RLS-0071 treatment or hypothermia-treated rats between 24 and 48\u2009hours, compared to normothermia controls. Likewise, myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining showed a twofold decrease in RLS-0071 or hypothermia-treated rats between 24 and 48\u2009hours compared to normothermia controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest that RLS-0071 decreases immune cell recruitment and oxidative damage to levels comparable to TH in an animal model of HIE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2607-2619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T20:17:13Z","timestamp":1747253833000},"page":"314-324","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Anti-inflammatory Peptide RLS-0071 Reduces Immune Cell Recruitment and Oxidative Damage in a Neonatal Rat Model of Hypoxic\u2013Ischemic Encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2663-9593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaitlyn G.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alana C.","family":"Sampson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, ReAlta Life Sciences, Norfolk, Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji M.","family":"Cunnion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, ReAlta Life Sciences, Norfolk, Virginia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia"},{"name":"Children's Specialty Group, Norfolk, Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary A.","family":"Vesoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neel K.","family":"Krishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division, ReAlta Life Sciences, Norfolk, Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2010.05.010","article-title":"Epidemiology of neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy","volume":"86","author":"J J Kurinczuk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","first-page":"CD003311","article-title":"Cooling for newborns with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy","volume":"2013","author":"S E Jacobs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04398-9","article-title":"Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: pathogenesis and promising 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