{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T23:10:04Z","timestamp":1756854604290,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>Die Festlegung eines geeigneten Deckzeitzeitpunkts ist bei Neuweltkamelen\n                        (NWK) schwierig, da empf\u00e4ngnisbereite Stuten keine Brunstsymptome oder\n                        Verhaltens\u00e4nderungen zeigen. Daher wurde die Anwendbarkeit der Messung von\n                        Sexualsteroiden in der Milch und der Vaginalzytologie als nicht invasive\n                        Methode zur Erfassung der Ovaraktivit\u00e4t untersucht.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Die Probenentnahmen erfolgten von insgesamt 10 Alpakas (A) und 9 Lamas (L)\n                        \u00fcber einen Zeitraum von 4 Wochen nach der Geburt. Die Konzentrationen von\n                        Progesteron (P4), Estradiol-17\u03b2 (E2) und Gesamt\u00f6strogenen (GOE) in Blut und\n                        Milch wurden mittels Radioimmunoassays nach Probenextraktion gemessen. Die\n                        Anfertigung und Auswertung der Vaginalabstriche erfolgten nach dem beim Hund\n                        routinem\u00e4\u00dfig angewandten Verfahren.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Bei A und L waren die \u00d6strogenkonzentrationen in der Milch im Vergleich zum\n                        Blut signifikant niedriger (E2 im Blut: A: 11,1\u00b12,9 pg\/ml, L: 14,6\u00b15,0\n                        pg\/ml; E2 in der Milch: A: 6,2\u00b13,1 pg\/ml, L: 7,9\u00b15,8 pg\/ml; GOE im Blut: A:\n                        120,2\u00b126,9 pg\/ml, L: 143,7\u00b145 pg\/ml; GOE in der Milch: A: 57,1\u00b116,1, L:\n                        75,9\u00b134,6 pg\/ml), w\u00e4hrend die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Spezies nicht\n                        signifikant waren. Die Korrelationen zwischen den Steroidkonzentrationen in\n                        Blut und Milch waren bei L, nicht jedoch bei A, statistisch signifikant.\n                        W\u00e4hrend sich bez\u00fcglich Korrelationen zwischen \u00d6strogenkonzentrationen und\n                        vaginalzytologischen Parametern bei L mehrere statistische Signifikanzen mit\n                        p-Werten teilweise &lt;0,01 ergaben, war bei A nur GOE im Blut negativ mit\n                        dem Anteil der Basal-\/Parabasalzellen korreliert.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Die P4-Messung in der Milch erlaubt bei NWK mit gro\u00dfer Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit die\n                        Erfassung von Lutealphasen. Trotz statistischer Signifikanz waren auch bei L\n                        die Korrelationen zwischen den \u00d6strogenkonzentrationen in Blut und Milch zu\n                        schwach, um auf der Basis von \u00d6strogenkonzentrationen in der Milch auf der\n                        Ebene des Einzeltieres die Blutkonzentrationen mit akzeptabler Genauigkeit\n                        abzusch\u00e4tzen. Die Vaginalzytologie k\u00f6nnte bei L grunds\u00e4tzlich zur Erkennung\n                        der Reifephase von Follikelwellen geeignet sein. Vor einer routinem\u00e4\u00dfigen\n                        Anwendung m\u00fcssten jedoch Verbesserungen der Methodik und eine weitergehende\n                        Validierung vorgenommen werden.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2625-9116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T22:30:22Z","timestamp":1756852222000},"page":"231-244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nicht invasives Monitoring der Ovarfunktion bei Alpakas und\n                    Lamas"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Alina","family":"Leisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tierklinik f\u00fcr Reproduktionsmedizin und Neugeborenenkunde, Fachbereich\n                    Veterin\u00e4rmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Schuler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tierklinik f\u00fcr Reproduktionsmedizin und Neugeborenenkunde, Fachbereich\n                    Veterin\u00e4rmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"B\u00fcttner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arbeitsgruppe Biomathematik und Datenverarbeitung, Fachbereich\n                    Veterin\u00e4rmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Wehrend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tierklinik f\u00fcr Reproduktionsmedizin und Neugeborenenkunde, Fachbereich\n                    Veterin\u00e4rmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tierklinik f\u00fcr Reproduktionsmedizin und Neugeborenenkunde, Fachbereich\n                    Veterin\u00e4rmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1287-3282","article-title":"Umfrage unter Neuweltkameliden-Z\u00fcchtern zum Zucht- und\n                    Fortpflanzungsmanagement","volume":"48","author":"J Wolfthaler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tier\u00e4rztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11010102","article-title":"Llama and alpaca management in Germany \u2013 results of an online survey among\n                    owners on farm structure, health problems and self-reflection","volume":"11","author":"S Neubert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1899-5786","article-title":"Populationsstruktur und 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