{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T10:21:03Z","timestamp":1764325263165,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Rhodococcus (R.) equi is a common causative agent of the septic arthritis,\n                    physitis, and osteomyelitis (SAPO) complex in foals, often resulting from\n                    hematogenous dissemination or perforating trauma. The early detection of\n                    osteomyelitis is challenging, and treatment has a guarded prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A 3-month-old warmblood filly was presented with severe lameness, swelling, and\n                    palpable heat in the right cubital region. Ultrasonographic examination revealed\n                    signs suggestive of septic arthritis. Joint lavage and intra-articular injection\n                    of antibiotic were performed, but synovial swab cultures were sterile.\n                    Subsequently worsened lameness and increased body temperature prompted further\n                    investigations, confirming physitis and lung involvement. Definitive R.\n                        equi diagnosis was obtained from physeal curettage samples. Surgical\n                    drainage and repeated curettage were performed, along with antibiotic therapy\n                    based on antibiograms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Radiographic follow-ups showed reduction in bone defect size, and magnetic field\n                    therapy was employed during hospitalization, additionally to medical and\n                    surgical treatment. Long-term follow-up indicated sustained improvement without\n                    recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This case demonstrates that early recognition of R. equi orthopedic\n                    infections requires a multidisciplinary approach and comprehensive diagnostic\n                    testing, including imaging and culture for antibiogram-guided therapy. In cases\n                    of P-type bone infection aggressive surgical treatment, consisting of repeated\n                    curettage of the involved physis is essential to address underlying pathology\n                    and promote tissue healing. Despite associated challenges and costs, these\n                    procedures significantly improve long-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2685-1094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T22:37:59Z","timestamp":1760567879000},"page":"341-346","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Successful treatment of Rhodococcus equi P-type infection with\n                    subcutaneous abscessation in a foal"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Simone","family":"Della Tommasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Veterinary\n                    Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Gerlach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Veterinary\n                    Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne Pauline","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Veterinary\n                    Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Brehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Veterinary\n                    Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"T\u00f6nnies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Veterinary\n                    Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Zettl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pferdepraxis Frankenhof, Rehau, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Pelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Veterinary\n                    Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.246.7.785","article-title":"Bacterial isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and factors\n                    associated with infection and outcome in foals with septi arthritis: 83 cases\n                    (1998-2013)","volume":"246","author":"K L Hepworth-warren","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2017.03.002","article-title":"Septic arthritis, physitis, and osteomyelitis in foals","volume":"33","author":"K Glass","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Clin NA Equine Pract"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/s0749-0739(17)30777-0","article-title":"Musculoskeletal disorders in neonatal foals","volume":"1","author":"M Leitch","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vet Clin NA Equine Pract"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470690390","author":"J A Butler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Radiology of the Horse. Fourth Edition"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1986.188.06.582","article-title":"Equine paediatrics; septic arthritis and osteomyelitis","volume":"88","author":"R J Martens","year":"1986","journal-title":"JAVMA"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02873.x","article-title":"A retrospective study of 192 horses affected with septic\n                    arthritis\/tenosynovitis","volume":"24","author":"R K Schneider","year":"1992","journal-title":"EVJ"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0442.2000.00290.x","article-title":"Clinical experiences of treating septic arthritis in the equine by repeating\n                    joint lavage: a series of 39 cases","volume":"47","author":"M C Meijer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2009.00547.x","article-title":"Rib osteomyelitis in three foals","volume":"88","author":"K M Neil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.1997.tb01321.x","article-title":"Cutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestations of Rhodococcus equi infection in\n                    foals","volume":"9","author":"M R Paradis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.213.04.510","article-title":"Associations between physcial examination, laboratory, and radiographic findings\n                    and outcome and subsequent racing performance of foals with Rhodococcus equi\n                    infection: 115 caes (1984-1992)","volume":"213","author":"D M Ainsworth","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.235.7.855","article-title":"Extrapulmonary disorders associated with Rhodococcus equi infection in foals:\n                    150 cases (1987-2007)","volume":"235","author":"S M Reuss","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-61-2-102","article-title":"Analysis of factors influencing prognosis in foals with septic arthritis","volume":"61","author":"N J Vos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ir Vet J"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.197.05.608","article-title":"Surgical management of Rhodococcus equi metaphysitis in a foal","volume":"197","author":"M R Desjardins","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1995.206.02.215","article-title":"Cauda equina syndrome, discospondylitis, and a paravertebral abscess caused by\n                    Rhodococcus equi in a foal","volume":"206","author":"M K Chaffin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00503","article-title":"Rhodococcus equi Joint Sepsis and Osteomyelitis Is Associated With a Grave\n                    Prognosis in Foals","volume":"6","author":"N A Ruocco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2009.00539.x","article-title":"Retrospective study of 108 foals with septic osteomyelitis","volume":"88","author":"K M Neil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13394","article-title":"Haematogenous septic arthritis, physitis and osteomyelitis in foals: A tutorial\n                    review on pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis","volume":"33","author":"C Lindegaard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Part 1. Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13393","article-title":"Haematogenous septic arthritis, physitis and osteomyelitis in foals: A tutorial\n                    review on pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis","volume":"34","author":"C Lindegaard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Part 2. Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.233.9.1446.","article-title":"Factors associated with survival of neonatal foals with bacteremia and racing\n                    performance of surviving Thoroughbreds: 423 cases (1982\u20132007)","volume":"233","author":"L C Sanchez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1999.215.07.973","article-title":"Factors associated with prognosis for survival and athletic use in foals with\n                    septic arthritis: 93 cases (1987-1994)","volume":"215","author":"C M Steel","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1998.tb02109.x","article-title":"Factors associated with survival in septicemic foals: 65 cases (1988-1995)","volume":"12","author":"J M Gayle","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104845","article-title":"Rhodococcus equi: Challenges to treat infections and to mitigate antimicrobial\n                    resistance","volume":"127","author":"C Higgins","year":"2023","journal-title":"JEVS"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12616","article-title":"Haematogenous septic arthritis in foals: Short- and long-term outcome and\n                    analysis of factors affecting prognosis","volume":"29","author":"L Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13567","article-title":"Rhodococcus equi foal pneumonia: Update on epidemiology, immunity, treatment and\n                    prevention","volume":"54 (3)","author":"AI Bordin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Equine Vet J."}],"container-title":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Gro\u00dftiere \/ Nutztiere"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2685-1094.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T10:17:56Z","timestamp":1764325076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2685-1094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2685-1094","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-1220","2567-5834"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1434-1220"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2567-5834"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}}}