{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T22:53:39Z","timestamp":1785884019560,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Contraceptive implants are widely used for long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) due to their high efficacy and convenience. However, complications including migration and, rarely, embolisation to the pulmonary arterial system have been reported. This case series presents three cases of contraceptive implant embolisation to the pulmonary arterial system, managed at a tertiary thoracic surgery unit between 2021 and 2024. Different surgical management was performed in all three cases influenced by factors including: length of time since possible embolisation, implant location, and suspected degree of endothelialisation. The cases highlight challenges in surgical management of embolized contraceptive implants, focusing on arteriotomy and anatomical resection approaches. The importance of prompt diagnosis, multidisciplinary decision-making, and necessity for further research to establish guidelines for the management of embolized contraceptive implants is exemplified. Suppliers should be aware of this rare complication and consider methods to prevent its occurrence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2687-1182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T23:16:06Z","timestamp":1755818166000},"page":"410-413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Embolisation of Contraceptive Implants to the Pulmonary Arterial System: A Series of Three Cases from a Tertiary Thoracic Surgery Unit"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8951-1250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theo","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Gundle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micayla","family":"Pather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Khademi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuya","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Weedle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leanne","family":"Ashrafian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Pilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Inserting implants","author":"WHO","year":"2022"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/13625187.2022.2036977","article-title":"Migration of a subdermal contraceptive implant into a subsegmental pulmonary artery and etonogestrel serum concentration over time\u2014a case report","volume":"27","author":"F Kafi Mallak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18881","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000018881","article-title":"Nexplanon migration into a subsegmental branch of the pulmonary artery: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"99","author":"J-R Hindy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","first-page":"20200216","article-title":"Contraceptive implant migration to the lung","volume":"7","author":"A Wali","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJR Case Rep"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJC.S165827","article-title":"Percutaneous extraction of an embolized progesterone contraceptive implant from the pulmonary artery","volume":"9","author":"M M Akhtar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Access J Contracept"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.12.017","article-title":"Subdermal contraceptive implant embolism to a pulmonary artery","volume":"99","author":"A O' Brien","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-024-04547-7","article-title":"Nexplanonectomy\u2014the surgical removal of an embolized implanted contraceptive device: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"E K Maybury","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.12.049","article-title":"Intravascular pulmonary migration of a subdermal contraceptive implant","volume":"99","author":"X B D'Journo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.08.094","article-title":"Contraceptive implant embolism into the pulmonary artery: thoracoscopic retrieval","volume":"103","author":"P A Thomas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2687-1182.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T22:38:00Z","timestamp":1785883080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2687-1182"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2687-1182","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-6425","1439-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-6425","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]}}}